Penggunaan kapang Rhizopus oligosporus dalam pembuatan biofoam cup berbahan dasar sabut kelapa dan tepung kedelai

Dewi Yunita; Rafiqah Rafiqah; Ismail Sulaiman; Eti Indarti

doi:10.21107/agrointek.v17i1.12706

Penggunaan kapang Rhizopus oligosporus dalam pembuatan biofoam cup berbahan dasar sabut kelapa dan tepung kedelai

Dewi Yunita, Rafiqah Rafiqah, Ismail Sulaiman, Eti Indarti

Abstract

Biofoam is an alternative packaging to replace styrofoam because it is renewable and biodegradable. In this study, the coconut fibre were used in the production of biofoam cup with addition of commercial tempe yeast (Rhizopus oligosporus). The purpose of this study was to produce biofoam cup which has the characteristics of water resistant, not easily crushed, and easily decomposed. This study was conducted with a factorial Block Randomized Design (BRD) consisting of 2 factors (the amount of soybean flour (T) amd the length of fermentation (S)). The first factor consisted of three levels (20 g, 24 g, and 28 g). The second factor consisted of three levels (3 days, 4 days, and 5 days). All treatments were carried out with 3 replications so there were 27 experimental units. The biofoam cup was analysed for physical (water absorption and porosity), mechanical (puncture strength and compressive strength), and biodegrability. The results showed that the best biofoam cup were obtained from a combination of using 28 g soybean flour and 3 days fermentation. The biofoam cup has the following characteristics: 73 % of water absorption capacity, 72.3 % of porosity value, 3.27 kg/cm2 of puncture strength value, 3.17 kPa of compressive strength value. The average value of biodegradability value of biofoam cup made from coconut fibre was 48 % suggesting that the analysis should be done more than 14 days

Keywords

Biodegradable; Biofoam cup; Tempe yeast; Rhiopus oligosporus; Mycelium; Coconut fibre

Full Text:

PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)

References

Arifin, Y.H., Yusuf, Y. 2013. Mycelium Fibers as New Resource for Environmental Sustainability. Procedia Engineering. 53: 504-508.

Etikaningrum, N., Hermanianto, J., Iriani, E.S., Syarief, R., Permana, A.W. 2016. Pengaruh Penambahan Berbagai Modifikasi Serat Tandan Kosong Sawit pada Sifat Fungsional Biodegradable Foam. Jurnal Penelitian Pascapanen Pertanian. 13(3): 146-155.

Fitri, W., Mora, M. 2018. Pengaruh Persentase Serbuk Ampas Tebu terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Papan Semen Partikel. Jurnal Fisika Unand. 7(4): 367-73.

Ghazvinian, A., Farrokhsiar, P., Vieira, F., Pecchia, J., Gursoy, B. 2020. Mycelium-Based Bio-Composites For Architecture: Assessing the Effects of Cultivation Factors on Compressive Strength. Journal Material Studies and Innovation. 2:505–14.

Hendrawati, N., Dewi, E.N., Santosa, S. 2019a. Karakterisasi Biodegradable Foam dari Pati Sagu Termodifikasi dengan Kitosan Sebagai Aditif. Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan. 3(1):47-52.

Hendrawati, N., Sofiana, A.R., Wadyantini, I.N. 2015. Pengaruh Penambahan Magnesium Stearat dan Jenis Protein pada Pembuatan Biodegradable Foam dengan Metode Baking Process. Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan. 4(2): 34-39.

Indarti, E., Muliani, S., Wulya, S., Rafiqah, R., Sulaiman, I., Yunita, D. 2021. Development of Environmental-Friendly Biofoam Cup Made from Sugarcane Bagasse and Coconut Fiber. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 711(1): 1-8.

Jannah, T.A., Miftahul, A. 2017. Pemanfaatan Sabut Kelapa Menjadi Bioetanol dengan proses Delignifikasi Acid-Pretreatment. Jurnal Teknik Kimia. 4(23): 245-251.

Mardiah, R., Kamaldi, A., Olivia, M. 2018. Sebagai Substitusi Semen di Air Gambut. Jurnal Teknik. 5(2): 1–5.

Marlina, R., Kusumah, S.S., Sumantri, Y., Syarbini, A., Cahyaningtyas, A.A., Ismadi. 2021. Karakterisasi Komposit Biodegradable Foam dari Limbah Serat Kertas dan Kulit Jeruk untuk Aplikasi Kemasan Pangan. Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan. 43(1): 1-11.

Putra, H.P., Nurali, E.J.N., Kaopaha, T., Lalujan, L.E. 2013. Pembuatan Beras Analog Berbasis Tepung Pisang Goroho (Musa acuminate) dengan Bahan Pengikat Carboxymethyl Celluloce (CMC). Cocos 2(4): 50-59.

Ridha, M., Darminto. 2016. Analisis Densitas, Porositas, dan Struktur Mikro Batu Apung Lombok dengan Variasi Lokasi menggunakan Metode Archimedes dan Software Image-J. Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya. 12(3):120–123.

Ritonga, A.U.M. 2019. Pembuatan dan Karakteristik Biofoam Berbasis Komposit Serbuk Daun Keladi yang Diperkuat oleh Polivinil Asetat (PVAc). Tesis. Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan.

Sine, Y., Soetarto, E.S. 2018. Isolasi dan Identifikasi Kapang Rhizopus pada Tempe Gude (Cajanus cajan L.). Jurnal Pertanian Konservasi Lahan Kering. 3(24):67-68.

Sumardiono, S., Pudjihastuti, I., Amalia, R., Yudanto, Y.A. 2021. Characteristics of Biodegradable Foam (Bio-foam) Made from Cassava Flour and Corn Fiber. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 1053(1):012082.

Wahyudi, Agus. 2018. Pengaruh Variasi Suhu Ruang Inkubasi terhadap Waktu Pertumbuhan Rhizopus oligosporus pada Pembuatan Tempe Kedelai. Jurnal Redoks. 3(1):37-44.

Winda, I.F., Mahyudin, A. 2018. Pengaruh Persentase Serat Sabut Pinang terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Papan Beton Resin Epoksi. 7(1):50-55.