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Deteksi Virus Pada Tanaman Mentimun Di Jawa Barat
Abstract
Gejala infeksi virus banyak ditemukan di pertanaman mentimun di Jawa Barat. Namun, sulit membedakan virus penyebab hanya berdasarkan pengamatan gejala visual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pemutakhiran data virus yang menginfeksi mentimun di Kabupaten Bogor, Karawang dan Subang, Jawa Barat. Sampel tanaman bergejala dikoleksi dari tiap lokasi. Frekuensi virus ditentukan secara serologi dengan metode DIBA (dot immunobinding assay) menggunakan antiserum Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Cucurbit aphid borne yellow virus (CABYV), Cucurbit green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV), Squash mosaic virus (SqMV), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), dan Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). Deteksi asam nukleat dilakukan terhadap virus baru yang dominan dengan reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)/PCR. Hasil deteksi menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi virus CMV, CABYV, CGMMV, PRSV, SqMV, WMV, dan ZYMV berturut-turut di Bogor mencapai 98%, 100%, 86%, 0%, 8%, 32%, dan 6%, di Subang mencapai 86%, 100%, 88%, 2%, 8%, 60%, and 46%, dan di Karawang 100%, 100%, 98%, 14%, 72%, 68%, and 64%. CMV, CABYV, and CGMMV were the most common viruses detected in three regencies, while PRSV only detected on samples from Subang and Karawang. RT-PCR/PCR menggunakan primer spesifik atau universal belum berhasil mendeteksi CGMMV dan WMV, namun berhasil mengonfirmasi keberadaan PRSV, Polerovirus, dan Begomovirus.
Kata kunci: Cucurbitaceae, Geminiviridae, Luteoviridae, Potyviridae, Tobamovirus
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/agrovigor.v12i1.5089
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