Mutu bubuk bawang putih berdasarkan sifat fisiko-kimia dan preferensi konsumen

Kendri Wahyuningsih, Kirana Sanggrami Sasmitaloka

Abstract

Currently, consumers are more interested in using herbs and spices in powder form because of their practicality. One of them is garlic powder, which has been circulating commercially. However, this commercial product has been found on the market in various quality classes, and it is suspected that there is potential for counterfeiting. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the quality of commercial garlic powder. The aim of this study is to determine the quality of commercial garlic powder based on its physicochemical properties and the level of consumer preference. In the primarily stage, commercial garlic powder sampling was carried out, namely bulk-quality samples from traditional markets and export-quality samples from modern markets. The selection of garlic powder products represents two consumer segments: heterogeneous consumers, represented by bulk-quality garlic powder, and homogeneous consumers, represented by export-quality garlic powder. Native garlic powder was prepared in the laboratory by slicing, drying (temperature 40-50C), and milling methods. Quality analysis has been carried out on physico-chemical properties, and sensory tests have been performed to determine the level of consumer preference. Commercial garlic powder has a different morphological structure compared to native garlic powder. Meanwhile, the color and allicin content of commercial bulk-quality garlic powder are significantly different compared to native garlic powder. Meanwhile, consumers tend to prefer commercial garlic powder in terms of color, aroma, and texture.

Keywords

culinary powder; commercial; garlic powder; morphology structure

References

Acri, G., Testagrossa, B., & Vermiglio, G. 2016. FT-NIR analysis of different garlic cultivars. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization. 10(1): 127–136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-015-9286-8.

Ahmed, T., & Wang, C. K. 2021. Black garlic and its bioactive compounds on human health diseases: A review. Molecules, 26(16): 5028. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26165028.

Arsyad, M., & Lorongasal, D. 2022. Konsentrasi Buah Mangga dan Buah Naga Terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Organoleptik Serbuk Instan. Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan. 10(3): 348–357. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30605/perbal.v10i3.2047.

British Pharmacopoeia Laboratory 2020. British Pharmacopoeia 2020: Vol. IV. The Stationery Office on behalfof the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5R4hyQEACAAJ&dq=british+pharmacopoeia&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjX8uKg5uHsAhUBonEKHdLrDy0Q6AEwBnoECAQQAQ.

Chadijah, S., Baharuddin, M., & Firnanelty. 2019. Potensi instrumen FTIR dan GC-MS dalam mengkarakterisasi dan membedakan gelatin lemak ayam, itik dan babi. Al-Kimia. 7(2): 126–135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24252/al-kimia.v7i2.7521.

Choi, S. M., Lee, D. J., Kim, J. Y., & Lim, S. T. 2017. Volatile composition and sensory characteristics of onion powders prepared by convective drying. Food Chemistry. 231: 386–392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.129.

Galvin-King, P., Haughey, S. A., & Elliott, C. T. 2021. Garlic adulteration detection using NIR and FTIR spectroscopy and chemometrics. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 96: 103757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103757.

Govindaraju, I., Chakraborty, I., Baruah, V. J., Sarmah, B., Mahato, K. K., & Mazumder, N. 2021. Structure and Morphological Properties of Starch Macromolecule Using Biophysical Techniques. Starch/Staerke. 73(1–2). https://doi.org/10.1002/star.202000030.

Hunter Laboratories. 2012. Measuring Color using Hunter L, a, b versus CIE L*, a*, b*. Hunter Associates Laboratory Inc. https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L*a*b*_CIE_1976

Ju, J., Xie, Y., Guo, Y., Cheng, Y., Qian, H., & Yao, W. 2020. Application of starch microcapsules containing essential oil in food preservation. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 60(17): 2825–2836.https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2018.1503590.

Malaphong, C., Tangwanitchakul, A., Boriboon, S., Tangtreamjitmun, N., 2022. A simple and rapid HPLC method for determination of S-allyl-L-cystein and its use in quality control of black garlic samples. LWT- Food Science and Technology. 160: 113290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113290.

Mancini, S., Mattioli, S., Nuvoloni, R., Pedonese, F., Dal Bosco, A., & Paci, G. 2020. Effects of garlic powder and salt additions on fatty acids profile, oxidative status, antioxidant potential and sensory properties of raw and cooked rabbit meat burgers. Meat Science. 169: 108226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108226.

Moulia, M. N., Syarief, R., Iriani, E. S., Kusumaningrum, H. D., & Suyatma, N. E. 2018. Antimicrobial of Garlic Extract. Jurnal Pangan. 27(1): 55–66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33964/jp.v27i1.399.

Midayanto, D.N., & Yuwono, S. 2014. Determination of Quality Attribute of Tofu Texture to be Recommended as an Additional Requirement in Indonesian National Standard. Jurnal Pangan Dan Agroindustri. 2(4): 259–267.

Prati, P., Henrique, C.M., de Souza, A.S., da Silva, V.S.N., Pacheco, M.T.B., 2014. Evaluation of allicin stability in processed garlic of different cultivars. Food Sci. Technol, Campinas, 34(3): 623-628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-457X.6397.

Putnik, P., Gabrić, D., Roohinejad, S., Barba, F. J., Granato, D., Mallikarjunan, K., Lorenzo, J. M., & Bursać Kovačević, D. 2019. An overview of organosulfur compounds from Allium spp.: From processing and preservation to evaluation of their bioavailability, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Food Chemistry. 276: 680–691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.068.

Ramirez, D. A., Locatelli, D. A., González, R. E., Cavagnaro, P. F., & Camargo, A. B. 2017. Analytical methods for bioactive sulfur compounds in Allium: An integrated review and future directions. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 61: 4–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2016.09.012.

Ren, G., Ke, G., Huang, R., Pu, Q., Zhao, J., Zheng, Q., & Yang, M. 2022. Study of the volatilization rules of volatile oil and the sustained-release effect of volatile oil solidified by porous starch. Scientific Reports. 12(1): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11692-w.

Santhosha, S. G., Jamuna, P., & Prabhavathi, S. N. 2013. Bioactive components of garlic and their physiological role in health maintenance: A review. Food Bioscience. 3: 59–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2013.07.001.

Sasmitaloka, K. S., & Hidayat, T. 2022. The Utilization of Off Grade Garlic Bulb Into Garlic Powder and Its Characteristics. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1024(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1024/1/012015.

Sunarmani, S., & Sasmitaloka, K. S. 2019. Pepaya sebagai Bahan Pengisi pada Produksi Pasta Tomat. Industria: Jurnal Teknologi Dan Manajemen Agroindustri. 8(1): 67–78. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.industria.2019.008.01.8.

Wahyuningsih, K., Jumeri, and Wagiman. 2019. Optimization of Production Process of Nano-Calcium Oxide from Pinctada maxima Shell by Using Taguchi Method. Indones. J. Chem. 19(2): 356-367. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.33871.

Xu, Z., Qiu, Z., Liu, Q., Huang, Y., Li, D., Shen, X., Fan, K., Xi, J., Gu, Y., Tang, Y., Jiang, J., Xu, J., He, J., Gao, X., Liu, Y., Koo, H., Yan, X., & Gao, L. 2018. Converting organosulfur compounds to inorganic polysulfides against resistant bacterial infections. Nature Communications. 9(1): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06164-7.

Yuliani, S., Wahyuningsih, K., Nurdjannah, N. 2024. Chapter 26 - Culinary powders and speciality products. In Handbook of Food Powders(2nd Edition). Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition. Page 453 - 470. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-98820-9.00004-1.

Zaukuu, J.Z., Bodor, Z., Vitalis, F., Zsom-Muha, V., 2019. Zoltan Kovacs1Near Infrared Spectroscopy as A Rapid Method for Detecting Paprika Powder Adulteration With Corn Flour. APTEFF. 50: 1-352. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/APT1950346Z.

Zhang, Y., Liu, X., Ruan, J., Zhuang, X., Zhang, X., & Li, Z. 2020. Phytochemicals of garlic: Promising candidates for cancer therapy. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy. 123(November 2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109730.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.21107/agrointek.v19i2.24906

Metrics

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2025 kendri wahyuningsih

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.