Variasi konsentrasi kitosan dalam pembuatan bioplastik berbahan baku jerami nangka

Ok Ricky Jumatul Qadri, Farida Hanum Hamzah, Dewi Fortuna Ayu

Abstract

One biopolymer that can enhance the characteristics of starch-based bioplastics is chitosan. This research intended to obtain the finest chitosan concentration on bioplastics made from jackfruit straw characteristics. This examine experimentally conducted employing a Completely Randomised Design (CRD) with four treatments and four replications to yield 16 experimental units. This study’s treatment included K1 (chitosan concentration: 2%), K2 (chitosan concentration: 4%), K3 (chitosan concentration: 6%), and K4 (chitosan concentration 8% ). The parameters examined in this research included water resistance, water vapor transmission rate, tensile strength, elongation, and biodegradability. The acquired data were statistically examined using analysis of variance (ANOVA). If the F count was more than or equal to the F table, the analysis would proceed with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at a significance level of 5%. The analysis of variance showed the addition of different concentrations of chitosan in the manufacture of bioplastic made from jackfruit straw had a significant effect on water resistance, water vapor transmission rate, tensile strength, elongation, and biodegradability. The best treatment in this study was the K1 with a chitosan concentration of 2%, which had swelling of 67,09%, water vapor transmission rate of 3,0379 g/m2/hour, and tensile strength of 14,68 MPa, elongation of 32,46%, and 8 days for complete degradation.

Keywords

Bioplastic; Chitosan; Jackfruit straw; Starch

References

Agustin, Y. E., Padmawijaya, K. S., 2016. Sintesis bioplastik dari kitosan-pati kulit pisang kepok dengan penambahan zat aditif. J. Teknik Kimia. 10, 40-48. http://ejournal.upnjatim.ac.id/index.php/tekkim/article/view/537

Alam, M. N., Halid, T., Illing, I., 2018. Efek penambahan kitosan terhadap karakteristik fisika kimia bioplastik pati batang kelapa sawit. Indonesian Journal of Fundamental Sciences. 4, 39-44. https://doi.org/10.26858/ijfs.v4i1.6013

ASTM. 1997. Standard test method for tensile properties of thin plastic sheeting d882-97. Annual Book of American Society for Testing and Material Standards.

ASTM. 1995. Standard test methods for water vapor transmission of materials e96. Annual Book of American Society for Testing and Material Standards.

BSN. 2016. SNI 7188.7-2016. Badan Standardisasi Nasional. Jakarta.

Darni, Y., Utami, H., 2010. Studi pembuatan dan karakteristik sifat mekanik dan hidrofobisitas bioplastik dari pati sorgum. J. Rekayasa Kimia dan Lingkungan. 7, 88-93. http://www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/RKL/article/view/79

Fathanah, U., Lubis, M. R., Moulana, R., 2015. Biopolymer from starch and chitosan as bioplastic material for food packaging. In conjunction with The 8th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on Science and Applications (ChESA). Proceedings of The 5th Annual International Conference Syiah Kuala University, 44-49. Syiah Kuala University.

Ginting, M. H. S., Kristiani, M., Amelia, Y., Hasibuan, R., 2016. The effect of chitosan, sorbitol, and heating temperature bioplastic solution on mechanical properties of bioplastic from durian seed starch (Durio zibethinus). International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications. 6, 33-38. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.1086.9927&rep=rep1&type=pdf

Harefa, R. S. M. 2016. Biodegradasi plastik (low density polyethylene) menggunakan jamur dari tempat pembuangan akhir (TPA). Skripsi. Universitas Sumatera Utara

Jabbar, U. F. 2017. Pengaruh penambahan kitosan terhadap karakteristik bioplastik dari pati kulit kentang (Solanum tuberosum. L). Skripsi. Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin

Kamsiati, E., Herawati, H., E. Y. Purwani., 2017. Potensi pengembangan plastik biodegradable berbasis pati sagu dan ubi kayu di Indonesia. J. Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. 36, 67–76. https://doi.org/10.21082/jp3.v36n2.2017.p67-76

Marlina, L., Achmad, N. T. F., 2021. Pengaruh variasi penambahan kitosan dan gliserol terhadap karakteristik plastik biodegradable dari pati ubi jalar. Technical Education Development Center Journal. 15, 125-133. http://poltektedc.ac.id/ejournal/index.php/tedc/article/view/476

Nahir, N. 2017. Pengaruh penambahan kitosan terhadap karakteristik bioplastik dari pati asam jawa (Tamarindus indica. L). Skripsi. Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin

Nazri, M., Solehah, M.,Tawakkal, M. A., Syafinaz, I., Hajar, S., 2019. Characterization of jackfruit straw based films: effect of starch and plasticizer contents. Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology. 27, 1-14. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Bernard-Maringgal/publication/334466201_JST_Vol_27_S1_2019_View_Full_Journal/links/5d2c9414458515c11c3264c6/JST-Vol-27-S1-2019-View-Full-Journal.pdf#page=17

Putri, R. R. A., Hartiati, A., Harsojuwono, B.A., 2021. Pengaruh jenis dan konsentrasi pemlastis terhadap karakteristik komposit bioplastik pati ubi talas belitung (Xanthosoma sagittifolium)-kitosan. J. Rekayasa dan Manajemen Agroindustri. 9, 323-334. https://doi.org/10.24843/JRMA.2021.v09.i03.p06

Rohman, M. A. 2016. Pengaruh penambahan glutaraldehida terhadap karakteristik film bioplastik kitosan terplastis carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC). Skripsi. Universitas Airlangga

Sanjaya, I. G., Puspita, T., 2011. Pengaruh penambahan kitosan dan plasticizer gliserol pada karakteristik plastik biodegradable dari pati limbah kulit singkong. J. Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. 1, 2-6. http://digilib.its.ac.id/public/ITS-Undergraduate-17047-2305100060-paperpdf.pdf

Supeni, G., Cahyaningtyas, A. A., Fitrina, A., 2015. Karakterisasi sifat fisik dan mekanik penambahan kitosan pada edible film karagenan dan tapioka termodifikasi. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling. 37, 1689–1699. https://doi.org/10.24817/jkk.v37i2.1819

Utami, M.R., Latifah., Widiarti, N., 2014. Sintesis plastik biodegradable dari kulit pisang dengan penambahan kitosan dan plasticizer gliserol. Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science. 3, 163-167. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/ijcs/article/view/3505

DOI

https://doi.org/10.21107/agrointek.v17i1.14376

Metrics

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2023 Ok Ricky Jumatul Qadri

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.