Analysis and Design of Differentiated Swimming Learning Media Based on Intelligent Systems (Case Study: Sports Coaching Education Study Program, Universitas Jambi)

Abstract

Swimming instruction in the Sports Coaching Education Study Program at Universitas Jambi is still predominantly based on a direct instruction approach, which has not fully accommodated the diverse initial swimming abilities of students, ranging from aquaphobia to advanced levels. In addition, the limited lecturer-to-student ratio reduces the effectiveness of individualized attention during the learning process. To address these challenges, this study proposes the design of an intelligent-system-based swimming learning media that applies a differentiated learning approach. This study employs a combination of Design Thinking and the Successive Approximation Model (SAM) The novelty of this study lies in combining the Successive Approximation Model (SAM) and Design Thinking as an integrated approach to designing differentiated swimming learning media. Based on the literature reviewed in this study, no previous research was identified that specifically integrates these two approaches for the design of swimming learning media that adapts learning materials to students’ proficiency levels. The objective is to design a media prototype that supports the implementation of differentiated learning and assists both lecturers and students in the learning process. The results indicate that students possess diverse swimming abilities and therefore require learning materials that are adapted to their respective skill levels. The prototype provides initial assessment, level-based learning materials, learning evaluation, progress monitoring, and discussion features. Remote usability testing with five participants across 12 task scenarios produced an overall task success rate of 98.34%. The design therefore demonstrates promising interaction feasibility as a prototype, but it requires further validation through implementation in real classes, larger and more diverse samples, and learning-outcome evaluation. Practically, the proposed media can serve as a blueprint for technology-supported differentiated swimming instruction and as a basis for subsequent system implementation.