We are decolonizing the pulpit: Discursive postures of Pentecostal-styled preachers venerating ancestors in South Africa
Abstract
South Africa has recently experienced a new religious vitality. Apparently, select Pentecostal-style preachers are embracing syncretic technologies and discourses. These blatantly counter-biblical narratives are heavily charged with aspirations to decolonize the pulpit and reclaim African spiritualities and reform mentalities. Forbidden practices of ancestor worship have emerged as important accommodations to express African methodologies of spirituality, cosmology, and thought. The play examines a preacher from South Africa who brazenly promotes this shunned accommodation. Prophet Magejageja re-articulates biblical textuality to traverse a decolonial horizon. The preacher knowingly commits doctrinal suicide by contradicting his Pentecostal theological heritage in order to promote something religiously innovative. The preacher encourages a return to the past, even though Pentecostalism enthusiastically calls for a break with the past because of evil and retrogressive associations with the past. Four YouTube sermons are linguistically examined using thematic critical discourse analysis with the aim of elucidating the preacher's decolonially charged pulpit language tropes. Key findings reveal entanglements of multiple ideological discourses: Post-Christianity, Afrocentrism, Counter-Pentecostalism, Missionary Critique, Black Consciousness, Pan-Africanism, Black physical liberation, anti-inferiority complexes, and counter-narratives to Western oppression in Africa. His syncretistic register undoubtedly underscores that the new media facilitate the possibility of undermining the insidious life of the coloniality of power.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Anderson, A. (1993). African Pentecostalism and the ancestor cult: Confrontation or compromise. Missionalia: Southern African Journal of Mission Studies, 21(1), 26–39.
Anderson, A. (1995). Challenges and prospects for research into African Initiated Churches in Southern Africa. Missionalia: Southern African Journal of Mission Studies, 23(3), 283–294.
Anderson, A. (1999). The gospel and culture in Pentecostal mission in the third world. Missionalia: Southern African Journal of Mission Studies, 27(2), 220–230.
Anderson, A. (2003). African initiated churches of the Spirit and pneumatology. Word and World, 23(2), 178–186.
Baëta, C. G. (Ed.). (2018). Christianity in tropical Africa: Studies presented and discussed at the Seventh International African Seminar, University of Ghana, April 1965. Routledge.
Baldwin, J. A. (1979). Theory and research concerning the notion of Black self-hatred: A review and reinterpretation. Journal of Black Psychology, 5(2), 51–77.
Baloyi, M. E. (2020). Black self-hatred: Regaining self-worth—from decolonisation towards reconciliation in South Africa—a practical theological appraisal. Theologia Viatorum, 44(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4102/tv.v44i1.33
Biko, S. (2002). I write what I like: Selected writings. University of Chicago Press.
Cipriani, A. C. (2002). Power in religious discourse: A discourse analysis of two sermons from the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God [Unpublished master’s thesis].
Engelke, M. (2010). Past Pentecostalism: Notes on rupture, realignment, and everyday life in Pentecostal and African independent churches. Africa, 80(2), 177–199. https://doi.org/10.3366/afr.2010.0201
Fairclough, N. (2013). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Ibrahim, M. (2023). Pentecostalism and media in Africa: Theoretical explorations of power and agency of media platforms and their users. Religion Compass, 17(1), e12452. https://doi.org/10.1111/rec3.12452
Kgatla, S. T., & Kamukwamba, D. G. (2019). Mission as the creation of a God-ward culture: A critical missiological analysis. Verbum et Ecclesia, 40(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.4102/ve.v40i1.1883
Kgatle, M. S. (2021). Pentecostalism and cultism in South Africa. Palgrave Macmillan.
Kgatle, M. S. (2023). Consultations in New Prophetic Churches and African traditional religions: A case study of divine healing in assessing syncretistic practices in the South African context. Religions, 14(3), 400. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14030400
Kgatle, M. S. (2023). Problematising the intersectionality of prophecy and politics in post-colonial Africa. In Prophecy and politics in South African Pentecostalism: A Pentecostal political theology in postcolonial Africa (pp. 127–151). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33809-2_7
Kgatle, M. S., & Ngubane, S. E. (2023). Sangomas on the pulpit: Syncretistic practices of some pastors in neo-pentecostal ministries in South Africa. Religions, 14(12), 1499. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14121499
Kgatle, M. S., Thinane, J. S., & Kaunda, C. J. (Eds.). (2023). Commercialisation of religion in South Africa: A Pentecostal approach. Palgrave Macmillan.
Kgatle, M. S. (2017). The unusual practices within some Neo-Pentecostal churches in South Africa: Reflections and recommendations. HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies, 73(3), a4656. https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v73i3.4656
Kimeria, C. (2017). Colonial name: Taking back my African name as a Kenyan woman. Quartz Africa. https://qz.com/africa/1100559/colonial-name-taking-back-my-african-name-as-a-kenyan-woman
Kobe, S. L. (2018). Black theology of liberation (is it the) thing of the past? A theological reflection on Black students’ experiences. Missionalia: Southern African Journal of Mission Studies, 46(2), 288–303. https://doi.org/10.7832/46-2-241
Liedauer, S. (2021). Dimensions and causes of systemic oppression. In Reduced inequalities (pp. 101–111). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82842-5_10
Magesa, L. (2014). African religion: The moral traditions of abundant life. Orbis Books.
Maimela, S. S. (1985). Salvation in African traditional religions. Missionalia: Southern African Journal of Mission Studies, 13(2), 63–77.
Marshall, R. (1995). ‘God is not a democrat’: Pentecostalism and democratisation in Nigeria. In C. Hallencreutz & D. H. Westerlund (Eds.), The Christian churches and the democratisation of Africa (pp. 239–260). Brill.
Maxwell, D. (1998). 'Delivered from the spirit of poverty?': Pentecostalism, prosperity and modernity in Zimbabwe. Journal of Religion in Africa, 28(3), 350–373.
Mbiti, J. S. (1990). African religions & philosophy. Heinemann.
Meyer, B. (1998). 'Make a complete break with the past': Memory and post-colonial modernity in Ghanaian Pentecostalist discourse. Journal of Religion in Africa, 28(3), 316–349.
Mjoli, P. (2022, December 7). Ukujaha imali kunomthelela wokuminza kwamakholwa emifuleni. Isolezwe. https://www.isolezwe.co.za/izindaba/ukujaha-imali-kunomthelela-wokuminza-kwamakholwa-emifuleni-fa8163ae-716d-4b0f-9a8c-ed251ecd5a45
Mlisa, L. R. N. (2009). Ukuthwasa initiation of Amagqirha: Identity construction and the training of Xhosa women as traditional healers (Doctoral dissertation, University of the Free State).
Mtukwa, G. (2014). Ancestral cult and the Church in Africa. The Africa Journal of Wesleyan Theology, 1, 1–13.
Mwiti, S. G., Nderitu, J. W., & Wambugu, S. N. (2015). Innovative Christian strategies for confronting syncretic practices in selected Methodist and Pentecostal churches in Abogeta Division, Meru County, Kenya. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention, 2(3), 1242–1254.
Nkomazana, F., & Setume, S. D. (2016). Missionary colonial mentality and the expansion of Christianity in Bechuanaland Protectorate, 1800 to 1900. Journal for the Study of Religion, 29(2), 29–55.
Okon, E. E. (2014). Christian missions and colonial rule in Africa: Objective and contemporary analysis. European Scientific Journal, 10(17), 161–171.
Prophet Magejageja. (2023, January 11). Sikhathele oNkukunkulu bezizwe sesicela owase Africa [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NSc1Fp_dv8
Prophet Magejageja. (2023, February 1). Unkulunkulu usebenza ngosiko lwase Africa [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HckvD0ZglN0
Prophet Magejageja. (2023, February 21). Unkulunkulu wethu akabhalwa phansi [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BRJDJlXnZvs
Prophet Magejageja. (2023, September 14). Ingcindezi kubantu base Africa ngenkolo ne politiki [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YJIxhSjUN6s
Quadri, Y. A. (2013). All in the name of God (133rd Inaugural Lecture). University of Ilorin.
Ranger, T. (2007). African initiated churches. Transformation, 24(2), 65–71. https://doi.org/10.1177/026537880702400206
Sepota, M. M. (1998). The destruction of African culture by Christianity. Southern African Journal for Folklore Studies, 9(2), 23–27.
Tennent, T. C. (2010). Invitation to world missions: A Trinitarian missiology for the twenty-first century. Kregel Academic.
Van den Toren, B., Bangura, J. B., & Seed, R. E. (2020). Is Africa incurably religious? Secularization and discipleship in Africa. Augsburg Fortress Publishers.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2001). Discourse, ideology and context. In C. Schäffner (Ed.), Approaches to critical discourse analysis (pp. 24–48). Multilingual Matters.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2002). Principles of critical discourse analysis. In M. Toolan (Ed.), Critical discourse analysis: Critical concepts in linguistics (Vol. 2, pp. 104–141). Routledge.
Van Leeuwen, T. (2006). Towards a semiotics of typography. Information Design Journal, 14(2), 139–155. https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.14.2.09van
Wa Thiong’o, N. (1998). Decolonising the mind. Diogenes, 46(184), 101–104. https://doi.org/10.1177/039219219804618411
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/sml.v8i1.28613
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sphesihle Blessing Khanyile

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Simulacra has been indexed in these prominent indexing services:
Simulacra is licensed under a Creative Commons BY-NC-SA and published by the Center for Sociological Studies and Community Development, Department of Sociology, Universitas Trunojoyo Madura, Indonesia.