The impacts of earthquake disaster on educational accessibility, affordability and continuity in Nepal

Nirmal Chongbang

doi:10.21107/sml.v5i2.15673

The impacts of earthquake disaster on educational accessibility, affordability and continuity in Nepal

Nirmal Chongbang

Abstract

Disasters can directly impact educational learning activities. Lower accessibility to socio-economic resources can directly impact into lives and livelihoods of a landless household. The study has explored how resourceless household struggle with their kid’s education accessibility, especially in earthquake disasters scenario in Gorkha Nepal. The research paper has explored existing education accessibility issues of pupils in the landless community. It has explained the major obstacle in educational accessibility impacted by the Gorkha earthquake of 2015 in Nepal. Descriptive and explanatory research methodology has been used. Primary information has been collected from a close-ended and open-ended questionnaire through local informants. Landless, education issues in disaster, and community-based initiatives related to publication information have been considered secondary sources of the study. Descriptive analysis has been used for qualitative data, and inferential data analysis has been for quantitative data. Education accessibility in the study area is hindered by a lack of local resources, additional earnings, insufficient savings, remoteness, weak physical structures, and a lack of social support. It is possible to enhance education accessibility for landless household pupils through community-based socioeconomic empowerment, collective engagement, and social
protection provision.

Keywords

accessibility; disaster; education; social-support; subsidy

Full Text:

PDF

References

Alessandro, M., & Rebecca, T. (2019). The landless workers movement’s itinerant schools: Occupying and transforming public education in Brazil. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 40(4), 538-559. https://doi.org/10.1080/01425692.2019.1565989

Basnet, B. K. (2020). Earthquake and its impacts on education: Aftermath Nepal quake 2015. The European Educational Researcher, 3(3), 101–118. https://doi.org/10.31757/euer.332

Khati, K., & Bhatta, K. K. (2020). Challenges of online education during COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Economic Issues, 3(1), 46–49. https://doi.org/10.32674/ijeei.v4i1.45

Briguglio, L., Bugeja, S., Cordina, G., & Farrugia, N. (2014). Conceptualizing and measuring economic resilience. Retrieved Nov 15 2021 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229039198

Butler, L. K. (2018). Social support theory. In Christopher, C.J., & Blackwell, W. The encyclopedia of juvenile delinquency and justice. Retrieved Dec 14 2021 from https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/sociologyfacpub

Chandawani, S. (2016). Attitude of landless farmers toward education in relation to their literacy level and economic status. Retrieved on May 12 2022, from Researchgate.net.

Chemmencheri, S. R. (2016). Social protection as a human right in South Asia. Human Development, 10(2), 236–252. https://doi.org/10.1177/0973703016671844

Chongbang, N. (2022). Socioeconomic condition of parent’s impact into learning practices during pandemic in Nepal. BRICS Journal of Educational Research, 12(1), 33–37.

Chongbang, N., & Bharadwaj, D. (2021). Building community resilience: A study of Gorkha reconstruction initiatives. Molung Educational Frontier, 11, 101–124. https://doi.org/10.3126/mef.v11i0.37849

Devkota, K. R. (2021). Inequalities reinforced through online and distance education in the age of COVID-19: The case of higher education in Nepal. International Review of Education, 67(1), 145-165.

Drucza, K. (2017). The politics behind social protection in Nepal. Asian Journal of Comparative Politics, 3(4), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/2057891117734652

Edward, C. (2011). Natural disasters: What is the role for social safety nets. Social Safety Nets Primer Notes: No. 32. World Bank, Washington DC. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/11686

Farah, N. M., An, A., Anangnostou, Campo, P., Gunn, V., Muntaner, C., Wanigaratne, S., & Ziegler, C. (2021). Covid-19 economic response and recovery: A rapid scoping review. International Journal of Health Services, 51(2), 247–260. https://doi.org/10.1177/00207314211002785

Häuberer, J. (2010). Social capital theory. Charles University Press.

Jenjekwa, V. (2013). Access and quality in education in resettlement schools: The case study of Zvivingwi secondary school in Gutu District, Masvingo Province in Zimbabwe. International Journal of Educational Administration and Policy Studies, 5(2), 15-21. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJEAPS2012.0298

Karthika, R. et al. (2021). Learning in the time of COVID-19: Insights from Nepal. World Bank, Washington DC. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/35384

Kattel, S. (2012). Land and social change in east Nepal: A study of Hindu-tribal relations. Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, 6, 139–140.

Lakey, B., & Cohen, S. (2000). Social support theory and measurement. In Sheldon Cohen, Lynn G. Underwood, & Benjamin H. Gottlieb (eds), Social support measurement and intervention: A guide for health and social scientists. https://doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780195126709.003.0002.

Legault, L. (2017). Self-determination theory. In Zeigler-Hill, V., & Shackelford, T. (eds). Encyclopedia of personality and individual differences. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099 8_1162-1.

Longhurst, D. (2020). Linking social protection and humanitarian cash and voucher assistance. Cash Learning Partnership (CaLP), German Federal Foreign Office (GFFO). Retrieved on 12 Jan 2022, from https://www.humanitarianoutcomes.org/publications/linking-social- protection-and-humanitarian-cash-and-voucher-assistance

Nabavi, R. T. (2012). Bandura’s social learning theory & social cognitive learning theory. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267750204

N. N. (1979). Systems of education and school reform in the socialist, capitalist, and developing countries. Soviet Education, 21(7–8), 70–115, https://doi.org/10.2753/RES1060-939321070870

Rai, J. (2010). Socio-cultural subjectivities of landlessness in Nepal: A case study of Sarki people from naubise VDC of Dhading District. Occasional Papers in Sociology and Anthropology, 11, 16–37. https://doi.org/10.3126/opsa.v11i0.3028

Rapeli, M. (2017). Social capital in social work disaster preparedness plans: The case of Finland. International Social Work, 61(6), 1054-1066. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020872817695643

Sharma, T. N. (2014). Education for rural transformation: The role of community learning centers in Nepal. Journal of Education and Research, 4(2), 87–101. https://doi.org/10.3126/jer.v4i2.12391

Sharma, V. K. (2003). Disaster management: Approach and emerging strategies in India. Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective, 7(1), 135–144. https://doi.org/10.1177/097226290300700112

Srawooth, P., Shigeuki, A., & Nipon, P. (2008). The meaning of ‘‘social safety nets’’. Journal of Asian Economics, 19(5), 467–473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asieco.2008.09.011

Wickeri, E. (2011). Land is life, land is power: Landlessness, exclusion, and deprivation in Nepal. Crowley Mission Reports. Book 2. Retrieve on Apr 25 2022 from http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/crowley_reports/2

Witvorapong, N., Muttarak, R., & Pothisiri, W. (2015). Social participation and disaster risk reduction behaviors in tsunami prone areas. PLOS ONE, 10(7), e0130862. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130862

Tran, T. Q. (2021). Social networking: A collaborative open educational resource. International Journal of TESOL & Education, 1(2), 148–157. https://doi.org/10.11250/ijte.01.02.008

Vathana, S., Oum, S., Kan, P., & Chervier, C. (2013). Impact of disasters and role of social protection in natural disaster risk management in Cambodia. Retrieved on Dec 2021, from https://www.eria.org/ERIA-DP-2013-10.pdf

Wickramasinghe, K. (2013). Role of social protection in disaster management in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences, 35/36(1–2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4038/sljss.v35i1-2.7297.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/sml.v5i2.15673

Refbacks

There are currently no refbacks.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Simulacra has been indexed in these prominent indexing services:

Simulacra is licensed under a Creative Commons BY-NC-SA and published by the Center for Sociological Studies and Community Development, Department of Sociology, Universitas Trunojoyo Madura, Indonesia.