Between tough voyages and empowering tourism: Can Muslim  Bugis seafarers tackle the maritime-sector crises in Indonesia?

Abdur Rozaki

doi:10.21107/sml.v5i1.14200

Between tough voyages and empowering tourism: Can Muslim Bugis seafarers tackle the maritime-sector crises in Indonesia?

Abdur Rozaki

Abstract

This paper explores the shift in commercial sailing by the Muslim coastal community of the ethnic Bugis—from their past focus on inter-island and international commerce to maritime tourism that is limited to the Eastern Indonesian region for domestic and foreign tourists. Using historical and phenomenological approaches, this paper explains a series of arduous crises to show the dignity and prosperity of the great maritime tradition among commercial seafarers, who, during the Islamic empire from the 15th to 17th century, experienced glory for being able to control and manage maritime commerce. Ever since the presence and success of the Europeans, especially the Dutch, in controlling Nusantara (the Indonesian archipelago), the glory of Muslim seafarers’ trade voyages has dwindled and narrowed, both in terms of the number of ships, types, and tonnage of cargo, as well as their cruising range. Although the Indonesian government has not systematically and comprehensively formulated policies to restore the glory in the maritime sector so far, tourism development policies have been welcomed by the Muslim Bugis seafarers as a new opportunity to empower the family economy.

Keywords

voyage; tourism; Muslim seafarers; Bugis ethnic tradition; commercial sailing

Full Text:

PDF

References

Adhuri, D. S. (2019). Socio-ecological diversities of the Sulawesi islands voicing culture after nature. Journal of Ocean & Culture, 2, 22-36. https://doi.org/10.33522/joc.2019.2.22

Agastia, I. G. B. D., & Perwita, A. A. B. (2016). Indonesia’s maritime axis and the security of sea lanes of communications (SLOCs) in the Indo Pacific. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 5(1), 10-21. https://doi.org/10.18196/hi.2016.0081.10-21

Andriati, R. (2012). Kebijakan dan jaringan bisnis Cina dari jaman ke jaman di Indonesia. Jurnal BioKultur, 1(2), 111-126.

Ansar, Farida, U., Yahya, M., Yusriadi, Y., & Bin-Tahir, S. Z. (2019). Institutional economic analysis of Bugis merchants in the inter-island trade. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 8(8), 149-152.

Asiati, D., Aji, G. B., Ningrum, V., Ngadi, N., Triyono, T., Kurniawan, F. E., Aruan, N. L., & Purba, Y. A. (2018). Employment opportunities and human resources development in digital era: A case study in industrial sector. Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities, 8(2), 159-168. https://doi.org/10.14203/jissh.v8i2.138

Breman, J. (1983). Control of land and labour in colonial Java: A case study of agrarian crisis and reform in the region of Cirebon during the first decades of the 20th century. Foris Publications.

Buelens, F., & Frankema, E. (2016). Colonial adventures in tropical agriculture: New estimates of returns to investment in the Netherlands Indies, 1919–1938. Cliometrica, 10(2), 197-224. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11698-015-0128-z

Colless, B. E. (1975). Majapahit revisited: External evidence on the geography and ethnology of East Java in the Majapahit period. JMBRAS, 2, 124-161.

Cortesao, A. (1944). The suma oriental of Tome Pires: An account of the East, from the Red Sea to Japan, written in Malacca and India in 1512–1515. Hakluyt Society Series.

Demmallino, E. B., & et.al. (2012). Perselingkuhan sufisme, kapitalisme dan kebijakan kontinental: Kajian dan gagasan transformasi peradaban kemaritiman di negeri Bugis-Makassar Sulawesi Selatan. Pustaka Refleksi.

Dewan Redaksi Puspindo. (1990). Sejarah pelayaran niaga di Indonesia jilid I: Pra sejarah hingga 17 Agustus 1945. Yayasan Puspindo.

Dick, H. (1990). Industri pelayaran Indonesia: Kompetisi dan regulasi. LP3ES.

Dick, H. W. (1985). Interisland shipping: Progress, problems and prospects. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 21(2), 95-114. https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918512331335033

Gill, P., Stewart, K., Treasure, E., & Chadwick, B. (2008). Methods of data collection in qualitative research: Interviews and focus groups. British Dental Journal, 204(6), 291-295.

Gordon, A. (2010). Netherlands East Indies: The large colonial surplus of Indonesia, 1878-1939. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 40(3), 425-443. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472331003798392

Hughes, D. E. (1986). The prahu and unrecorded inter-island trade. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 22(2), 103-113. https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918612331334844

Izudin, A. (2017). Gerakan sosial petani strategi, pola, dan tantangan di tengah modernitas. Samudra Biru.

Izudin, A., Sriharini, S., & Khuluq, L. (2022). Developing halal tourism: The case of Bongo village, Gorontalo, Indonesia. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 10(1), 35-45.

Jayasuriya, S. de S. (2008). The Portuguese in the East: A cultural history of a maritime trading empire. Palgrave Macmillan.

Kim, Y. (2019). New opportunities for sociological research: A discussion of the usefulness of mixed methods with data science. Journal of Asian Sociology, 48(3), 343-358. https://doi.org/10.21588/jas/2019.48.3.003

Kothari, C. (2004). Research methodology methods and techniques (second rev). New Age International.

Kuntowijoyo. (2003). Metodologi sejarah. Tiara Wacana.

Lauder, M. R. M. T., & Lauder, A. F. (2016). Maritime Indonesia and the archipelagic outlook: Some reflections from a multidisciplinary perspective on old port cities in Java. Wacana, 17(1), 97-120. https://doi.org/10.17510/wacana.v17i1.428

Lombard, D. (2005). Nusa Jawa: Silang budaya batas-batas pembaratan (3rd ed.). Gramedia.

Macknight, C. (1976). The voyage to Marege. Melbourne University Press.

Máñez, K. S., & Ferse, S. C. A. (2010). The history of Makassan trepang fishing and trade. PLoS ONE, 5(6), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0011346

Mattulada, H. A. (2015). Latoa antropologi politik orang Bugis. Ombak.

Mellefont, J. (2018). Pinisi and the art of boatbuilding in Sulawesi recognised by UNESCO. Sea Museum. https://www.sea.museum/2018/01/24/unescoheritage-lists-indonesian-wooden-boat-building

Moris, T. (2006). Social work research methods four alternative paradigms. California University Press.

Poelinggomang, E. L. (2016). Makassar Abad XIX: Studi tentang kebijakan perdagangan maritim. Gramedia.

Rahmatika, M. F., & Suman, A. (2020). Improving the economy of local communities through innovation of the potential of shariah-based natural tourism in East Java. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 8(4), 72-79. https://doi.org/10.21427/JCS8-5Q77

Reid, A. (2001). Understanding Melayu (Malay) as a source of diverse modern identities. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 32(3), 295-313.

Reid, A. (2004). Sejarah modern awal Asia Tenggara. LP3ES.

Rochwulaningsih, Y., Sulistiyono, S. T., Masruroh, N. N., & Maulany, N. N. (2019). Marine policy basis of Indonesia as a maritime state: The importance of integrated economy. Marine Policy, 108, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103602

Suseto, B., Othman, Z., & Razalli, F. M. (2019). The need to reform Indonesia’s maritime strategy: A review. Indonesian Journal of Geography, 50(2), 145-154. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.27954

Sutherland, H. (2001). The Makassar Malays: Adaptation and identity, c. 1660-1790. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 32(3), 397-421.

Sutherland, H. (2010). Treacherous translators and improvident paupers: Perception and practice in Dutch Makassar, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 53(1–2), 319-356. https://doi.org/10.1163/002249910X12573963244566

Tjandrasasmita, U. (2009). Arkeologi Islam Nusantara. Penerbit KPG.

Tobing, O. L. C. (1977). Hukum pelayaran dan perdagangan amanna gappa. Yayasan Kebudayaan Sulawesi Tenggara dan Selatan.

Zainal, A. A. (1983). The emergence of early kingdoms in South Sulawesi: A preliminary remark on governmental contracts from the thirteenth to the fifteenth century. Southeast Asian Studies, 20(4), 445-491.

Zuhdi, S. (2018). Shipping routes and spice trade in Southeast Sulawesi in the 17th and 18th century. Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration, 2(1), 31-44. https://doi.org/10.14710/jmsni.v2i1.3100

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/sml.v5i1.14200

Refbacks

There are currently no refbacks.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Simulacra has been indexed in these prominent indexing services:

Simulacra is licensed under a Creative Commons BY-NC-SA and published by the Center for Sociological Studies and Community Development, Department of Sociology, Universitas Trunojoyo Madura, Indonesia.