CONTAINER DAN DOCKER: TEKNIK VIRTUALISASI DALAM PENGELOLAAN BANYAK APLIKASI WEB

Firmansyah Adiputra

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Sistem web hosting modern, di dalam setiap servernya, mengelola banyakaplikasi web. Teknologi virtual machine dimanfaatkan untuk menyelesaikan masalah heterogenitas (perbedaan versi library atau tool dari beberapa aplikasi web). Peningkatan jumlah aplikasi web yang harus dihosting harus diikuti dengan peningkatan kualitas ataupun kuantitas sumber daya, terlebih saat hadirnya kebutuhan high availability dari layanan web tersebut. Teknik kontainerisasi (virtualisasi berbasis container) hadir sebagai solusi dan menjadi trend saat ini. Docker adalah salah satu software yang mengadopsi teknik kontainerisasi dan semakin banyak diterapkan di dalam lingkungan web hosting. Tulisan ini mencoba untuk melakukan kajian literatur terhadap teknologi virtualisasi di atas, baik virtual machine maupun container dan kemudian merangkum perbandingannya. Arsitektur container di dalam Docker merupakan fokus dari tulisan ini, termasuk perkembangan dan keunggulan dari Docker yang sudah diteliti dan diimplementasikan dalam dua tahun terakhir. Review ini dirasakan sangat penting bagi pengembang dan system administrator yang mengelola banyak aplikasi web, terutama aplikasi-aplikasi yang memiliki heterogenitas tinggi dan berjalan di dalam satu mesin server fisik yang sama.

Kata kunci: mesin virtual, container, web hosting, pengelolaan aplikasi web, docker.

ABSTRACT

Modern web hosting system manages many web applications in each of its servers. Virtual machine technology have been used as a solution to software heterogeneity. An increased number of hosted web application must be balanced by enhancement in resources quality or quantity, especially if high availability must be met. Container based virtualization is now becoming a trend. Docker is a platform that implements container based virtualization, and many web hosting services are starting use it. This paper reviews and compares the two virtualization technology, virtual machine and container based virtualization. This paper focused on the architecture of Docker's container, the advantages of Docker, and the development of Docker in the last two years. The review will be useful for software developers and system administrators who maintain many web applications which have high heterogeneity and runs on the same physical server.

Keyword: virtual machine, container, web hosting, web application management, docker.


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/simantec.v4i3.1384

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