The Effect of Curing Pressure and Duration on Mechanical Strength of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene/High-Density Polyethylene Composite as An Alternative Material for Windmill Turbine

Febrianti Nurul Hidayah; Johan Boss

doi:10.21107/rekayasa.v13i3.8703

The Effect of Curing Pressure and Duration on Mechanical Strength of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene/High-Density Polyethylene Composite as An Alternative Material for Windmill Turbine

Febrianti Nurul Hidayah, Johan Boss

Abstract

The use of steel in building or construction manufacture continues to decrease, owing in part to the sustainability and mechanical properties of fibers which have higher strength in minimum weight than steel. This preliminary study was defined to evaluate the mechanical properties of high-performance fibers, especially ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), in terms of the composite to be the main material of windmill turbines. It was UHMWPE as reinforcement and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) as a matrix in this composite system. The composites were processed in a variety of pressure and duration (50 to 165 bar and 10 minutes to 48 hours). The mechanical strength was tested by 3-point bending tests to measure the interlaminar shear strength, shear modulus, and bending strength. The result showed a significant difference in properties of the composite which is higher pressure and longer duration obtained a higher value of mechanical strength.

Keywords

composite, bending, shear, strength, UHMWPE, windmill turbine

Full Text:

PDF

References

ASTM International. (1995). ASTM D 2344, Standard Test Method for Apparent Interlaminar Shear Strength of Parallel Fiber. 84, 6–8.

ASTM International. (2003). Designation: D790 – 02 “Standard test methods for flexural properties of unreinforced and reinforced electrical insulating materials.” Annual Book of ASTM Standards, 14, 146–154. www.astm.org

Byrne, C. (2000). Technical textiles market–an overview. Handbook of Technical Textiles, 1–23.

Dai, J., Hu, Y., Liu, D., & Long, X. (2010). Calculation and characteristics analysis of blade pitch loads for large scale wind turbines. Science China Technological Sciences, 53(5), 1356–1363.

European Commission. (1997). Energy for the future: renewable sources of energy—white paper for a community strategy and action plan. COM, 599.

Fung, W. (2000). Textiles in transportation. Handbook of Technical Textiles, 490–528.

Hidayah, F. N. (2019). Interlaminar Shear Behaviour of UHMWPE ( Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene ) Based Composites with Different Matrixes. 1, 1–9.

Kim, C., Kim, K., Kim, H., Paek, I., Yoo, N., Nam, Y., Campagnolo, F., & Bottasso, C. (2012). A method to estimate bending moments acting on a wind turbine blade specimen using FBG sensors. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 13(7), 1247–1250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-012-0166-4

Leary, K. O., Pakrashi, V., & Kelliher, D. (2019). Optimization of composite material tower for offshore wind turbine structures. Renewable Energy, 140, 928–942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.03.101

Meshi, I., Amarilio, I., Benes, D., & Haj-Ali, R. (2016). Delamination behavior of UHMWPE soft layered composites. Composites Part B: Engineering, 98, 166–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.05.027

Murray, R. E., Roadman, J., & Beach, R. (2019). Fusion joining of thermoplastic composite wind turbine blades : Lap-shear bond characterization. Renewable Energy, 140, 501–512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.03.085

Nachtane, M., Tarfaoui, M., Mohammed, M. A., Saifaoui, D., & Moumen, A. El. (2020). Effects of environmental exposure on the mechanical properties of composite tidal current turbine. Renewable Energy, 156, 1132–1145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.04.126

Overgaard, L. C. T., Lund, E., & Thomsen, O. T. (2010). Structural collapse of a wind turbine blade. Part A: Static test and equivalent single layered models. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 41(2), 257–270.

Ramirez-Tejeda, K., Turcotte, D. A., & Pike, S. (2016). Unsustainable Wind Turbine Blade Disposal Practices in the United States: A Case for Policy Intervention and Technological Innovation. NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy, 26(4), 581–598. https://doi.org/10.1177/1048291116676098

Scott, R. A. (2000). Textiles in defence. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, UK.

Theile, B., & Hoffmann, A. (2019). Rotor Blade Element For A Wind Turbine , Rotor Blade , And A Production Process Therefor And Wind Turbine With Rotor Blade (Patent No. US010344738B2).

Ullah, H., Ullah, B., & Silberschmidt, V. V. (2020). Structural integrity analysis and damage assessment of a long composite wind turbine blade under extreme loading. Composite Structures, 246(April), 112426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112426

van der Zee, T., de Ruiter, M. J., & Wieling, I. (2017). The C-Tower project–A composite tower for offshore wind turbines. Energy Procedia, 137, 401–405.

Verma, A. S., Vedvik, N. P., Haselbach, P. U., Gao, Z., & Jiang, Z. (2019). Comparison of numerical modelling techniques for impact investigation on a wind turbine blade. Composite Structures, 209, 856–878.

Williamson, L. (1997). WIND TURBINE (Patent No. US005669758A).

Young, A. C., Goupee, A. J., Dagher, H. J., & Viselli, A. M. (2017). Methodology for optimizing composite towers for use on floating wind turbines. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 9(3), 33305.

Young, G. L. (2017). High torque wind turbine blade, turbine, generator, and associated systems and methods. Google Patents.

Zuo, Y., Montesano, J., & Singh, C. V. (2018). Assessing progressive failure in long wind turbine blades under quasi-static and cyclic loads. Renewable Energy, 119, 754–766.