Rancangan dan Kinerja Teknis Mesin Parut Singkong Tipe Silinder Bertenaga Motor Bakar

Wilson Palelingan Aman, Darma Darma, Mathelda K. Roreng, Sardi Sardi

Abstract

Pemarutan merupakan salah satu tahapan penting dalam proses pengolahan tapioka. Untuk meningkatkan kapasitas produksi diperlukan mesin pemarut bertenaga motor. Bagian penting mesin pemarut singkong tipe silinder yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja mesin adalah diameter gigi parut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang dan menguji kinerja mesin pemarut singkong tipe silinder dengan parameter pengamatan diameter gigi parut. Tahapan penelitian terdiri atas perancangan dan analisis fungsional mesin parut singkong. Perlakuan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan 3 ukuran diameter gigi parut yang berbeda: 1,5 mm, 2 mm dan 3 mm. Sedangkan parameter penelitian adalah kapasitas efektif, rendemen pati dan rendemen pati dalam ampas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan gigi parut berdiameter 1,5 mm menghasilkan kapasitas efektif dan rendemen pati tertinggi tertinggi dengan rendemen pati dalam ampas paling rendah. Kapasitas efektif tertinggi yang dihasilkan adalah sebesar 448,24 kg/jam dengan rendemen pati 46,67%. Sementara pati dalam ampas sebesar 10,73%. Penggunaan gigi parut dengan diameter yang lebih besar, menghasilkan kapasitas dan rendemen pati yang lebih rendah.

Kata Kunci: Mesin Parut, Singkong, Diameter Gigi, Kinerja

 

Design and Performance Analysis Cassava Grating Machine Cylinder-Type Powered by Combustion Engine                                 

ABSTRACT

The grating is one of the important stages in processing tapioca. To increase production capacity, a grating machine powered by the engine is needed. The important part of cassava grating machine that can affect the engine performance is the diameter of grater teeth. The purpose of this study was to design and test the performance of cylindrical type cassava grater machines with the observed parameters of the diameter of the grater teeth. The stages of the study consisted of the design and then the functional analysis of cassava grating machines. The treatment used in this study was the use of 3 different sizes of grated tooth diameters: 1.5 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm. While the research parameters are effective capacity, starch yield, and yield of starch in the pulp. The results showed that the using of a 1.5 mm diameter solution produced the highest effective capacity and highest yield of starch with the lowest yield of starch in the pulp. The highest effective capacity produced was 448.24 kg/hour with a starch yield of 46.67%. While starch in pulp is 10.73%. The use of grater teeth with a larger diameter results in lower starch capacity and yield.

 

Keywords: Grating Machine, Cassava, Teeth Diameter, Performance

Keywords

Mesin Parut, Singkong, Diameter Gigi, Kinerja

References

Balagopala, C. 2002. Cassava Utilitation in Food, Feed and Industri, in Hillocks, R.J., J.M. Thresh, A.C. Bellotti (Eds.). Cassava: Biology, Production and Utilization. CAB International. New York. P 301-318.

Barret, D.M. and D.S. Damardjati. 1985. Quality Improvement of Cassava Yield in Indonesia. Journal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol.3 (2): 40-48.

Darma, 2011. Variant-I mesin pemarut sagu tipe silinder bertenaga motor bakar. Jurnal Agrotek 2(3): 80–88.

Fellows. P., 1992. Food Processing Technology Principles and Practice. Singapure.

Hermanto, Ansharullah, A. Nuwiyah dan Muhidin. Perbedaan Teknik Pemarutan dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Peningkatan Rendemen dan Mutu Tepung Sagu. Agriplus Vol. 21 (1):30-35.

Igoni, A.H. dan I.F. Manuel. 2016. Size Dependence of Energy Required For Cassava Grating. Energy and Environment Research; Vol. 6 (2):1-9.

Nanda, S.K., P. Hemasankari dan J.T. Sheriff. 2004. Development of a primary rasperfor starch extraction from tuber crops. Proceedings of National Seminar : Root and Tuber Crops (NSRTC I), Orissa India, October 29–31,2004.

Oriaku, E.C., C.N. Agulanna, E.N. Ossai, J.O. Odenigbo dan U.L. Adizue. 2015. Design and Performance Evaluation of a Double Action Cassava Grating Machine. Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences (JETEAS) Vol.6 (3):196-203.

Ratnaningsih, N. Setyawan, K.T. Dewandari dan D. Sumangat. 2010. Rekayasa Alat Pemarut Sagu Tipe Silinder. Jurnal Enjiniring Pertanian Vol.8 (1):67-74.

Reniana, Darma dan A. Kurniawan. 2017. Prototipe Mesin Parut Empulur Sagu Tipe Silinder Bertenaga Motor Bakar. Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung Vol. 6 (2):89-94.

Sajeev, M.S., S.K. Nanda and J.T. Sheriff. 2012. An Efficient Blade Type Rasper for Cassava Starch Extraction. Journal of Root Crops Vol.38 (2):151-156.

Sitkei, G. 1986. Depvelopments in Agricultural Engineering. Mechanics of Agricultural Materials. Asterdam, New York.

Soegihardjo, O dan Aninditya. 2005. Perancangan Mesin Pembuat Tepung Tapioka. Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol.7 (2):22-27.

Tambari, S., I. Benjamin, K. Sorbari, O.W. Daibi dan O. Datonye. 2014. Design Analysis of a Pedal Powered Cassava Grinding Machine. IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering Vol.11 (5):34-43.

Thaib, A. 1985. Bimbingan Pembuatan Tapioka konsumen bagi Petani Singkong Desa Rejosari Kecamatan Siak Kampar-Riau Universitas Riau, Pekan Baru.

Thoriq, A. dan A.Sutejo. 2017. Desain dan Uji Kinerja Pemarut Sagu Tipe TPB 01. Agritech Vol. 37 (4):453-461.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.21107/rekayasa.v12i1.5101

Metrics

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2019 Wilson Palelingan Aman, Darma Darma, Mathelda K. Roreng, Sardi Sardi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.