Coral Fish Biodiversity Assessment on  Different Locations (Case Study of the North Bali ICRG Area).

Emilian Ivarlyano Potje; Dwi Budi Wiyanto; I Nyoman Giri Putra; Frensly Demianus Hukom

doi:10.21107/rekayasa.v17i1.24171

Coral Fish Biodiversity Assessment on Different Locations (Case Study of the North Bali ICRG Area).

Emilian Ivarlyano Potje, Dwi Budi Wiyanto, I Nyoman Giri Putra, Frensly Demianus Hukom

Abstract

Reef fish associated with artificial reefs are one indicator of success for artificial reef applications. This research was carried out in February 2023. Reef fish data was collected in three tidal conditions. Data of Coral fish was collected using the Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method. The data that collected includes abundance of species, individual abundance and fish size from 3 categories namely major, indicators and targets. From the results, the community structure at each location obtained the same diversity index and uniformity index which were classified as moderate to high and the dominance index was classified as low. For each tidal condition the diversity index obtained was classified as medium to high, the uniformity index is relatively high and the dominance index is low. The total abundance of species at each point ranges from 26 species represented by 13 families to 63 species represented by 19 families, and for each tidal condition it ranges from 11 species represented by 7 families to 42 species represented by 16 families. The total abundance of individuals at each point overall ranged from 1333-20,048 Ind/Ha, each tidal condition it ranges from 20- 980 individuals. The total biomass at each point overall ranged from 102,844- 1353,119 Kg/Ha, each tidal condition ranges from 2,154 to 63,780 kg. Based on the results, the species similarity index values at each point were categorized as medium, except for Les II and Galeri, which were classified as high, while the test results for each tidal condition ranged from medium to high at each point. Test results (Mann-Whitney) for each point based on individual abundance values and coral reef fish biomass generally showed significant differences except between the Gallery and Les II points, whereas for each tidal condition there were no significant differences. Based on the results of the Correspondence Analysis, it was found that there was a relationship between several types of fish with each research point and at each tidal condition, this shows that the artificial reef structure at each point and each tidal condition was successful in attracting fish populations.

Keywords

coral fish, artificial reef, community structure, correspondence analysis

Full Text:

PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)

References

Akrama, A, W & Insafitiri. 2020. Struktur Komunitas Teripang (Holuthuroidea) Pada Daerah Padang Lamun Dengan Kelas Persen Penutupan Yang Berbeda Di Pulau Sapudi Kabupaten Sumenep. Juvenil Volume 1, No. 2.

Bakhtiar D, Djamali A, Arifin Z, Sarwono T. 2012. Struktur Komunitas Ikan Karang di Perairan Pulau Tikus Kota Bengkulu. Prosiding Seminar Nasional dan Rapat Tahunan Bidang Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian BKS-PTN Wilayah Barat, Medan.

BPKPD Buleleng. 11 Januari 2021. Realisasi Program PEN-ICRG di Buleleng Capai 92 Persen. BPKPD Buleleng: 1 (Kolom 1-3)

Daget. 1976. Les Mode’les Mathe matiques en Ecologie. Masson, Coll. Ecol., 8. Paris

Dharmawan, Zurba, N. 2020. Struktur Komunitas Ikan Karang di Perairan Dusun Kalangan, Desa Pulau Pahawang, Kecamatan Marga Punduh, Kabupaten Pesawaran, Lampung. Unimal Press; Universitas Malikussaleh

Edrus, I.N. 2007. Pengantar Metodologi Penelitian Ikan Karang. Diktat Pelatihan Metodelogi Penentuan Kondisi Terumbu Karang. Materi Pelatihan MPTK di Makassar. Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi-LIPI.

Edrus, I. N., Suharti, S. R., Hukom, F. De, Husain, A. A., Oktaviyani, S., Wibowo, K., & Kurniawan, W. (2017). Modul Pelatihan Penilaian Biodiversitas Ikan Terumbu Karang (Modul B). Program Coremap-CTI, Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi LIPI. Jakarta.

English, S. C. Wilkinson and V Baker, 1997. Survey Manual for Tropical Marine Resources 2nd ed. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townville: 390 pp

Farghal, T.K., M.A.Z. Mohamed, M.F. Mostafa. 2021. Abundance. Diversity and Distribution of Coral Reef Fish Families in the Egyptian Red Sea. at Hurghada. Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries. 25:541-554.

Fathia, A.A. 2017. Komposisi Jenis dan Struktur Tegakan serta Kualitas Tanah di Hutan Gunung Galunggung Tasikmalaya. IPB. Bogor.

Greenacre, Michael, J. 2007. Correspondence Analysis in Practice, 2th Edition. Spain: Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona.

Gratwicke, B. and M.R. Speight. 2005. Effects of habitat complexity on Caribbean marine fish assemblages. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 292:301-310.

Hidayah, Z., & Nuzula, N. I. (2019). Pemetaan Sebaran Terumbu Karang Studi Kasus Selat Madura, Jawa Timur. Jurnal Kelautan Tropis, 22(2), 127-134.

Hidayah, Z., De Oliveira-Viera, L., Safitri, R.,Rachman, HA & As-Syakur, AR. 2022. Mapping Sea Grass Coverage of Tanjung Benoa Bali Using Medium Resolution Satellite Imagery Sentinel 2B. Sains Malaysiana. 52(4): 1315-1332.

Hilwan, I., Mulyana, D. dan Pananjung, W.G. 2012. Keanekaragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Bawah pada Tegakan Sengon Buto (Enterolobium cyclocarpum Griseb.) dan Trembesi (Samanea saman Merr.) di Lahan Pasca Tambang Batubara PT Kitadin, Embalut, Kutai Kartanagara, Kalimantan Timur. Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika 4(01): 6-10.

Hoegh, and Guldberg, O. 2011. Coral Reef Ecosystems and Anthropogenic Climate Change. Regional Environmental Change, 11, 215-227.

Froese, R. and Pauly D. 2021. Fish base. www.fishbase.org. 11 Agustus 2021

Krisnawati, S., & Hidayah, Z. (2020). Pemetaan Terumbu Karang Pulau Gili Ketapang Probolinggo. Juvenil: Jurnal Ilmiah Kelautan dan Perikanan, 1(4), 437-450.

Kulbicki M, Guillemot N, Amand M. 2005. A general aprooach to length-weight relatsionship for New Caledonian lagoon fishes. Cybium, 29 (3): 235- 252.

Labrosse, P. 2002. Underwater Visual Census Survey. Proper and Implementation. Secretariat of the Pacific Community. Noumea New Caledonia.

Maghfirah 2015. Analisis Terumbu Karang Buatan (TKB) dalam Habitat Perifiton Menggunakan Correspondence Analysis dan Detrended Correspondence Analysis.Skripsi Jurusan Matematika Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Jember.

Makawaehe1 W., F dkk. 2021. Struktur Komunitas Dan Ketertarikan Ikan Karang Berasosiasi Dengan Terumbu Buatan Di Teluk Tahuna. Jurnal Ilmiah Platax Vol. 9:(2)

Maloky, dkk 2021 Keanekaragaman Jenis Ikan Di Perairan Rawa Dogamit Taman Nasional Wasur Merauke. urnal Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan Papua Vol. 4, No. 2, Hal. 48-53

Mandolang M., 2021. Struktur Komunitas Ikan Target Di Ekosistem Terumbu Karang Pada Zona Tradisional Pulau Bunaken, Taman Nasional Bunaken. Jurnal Pesisir dan Laut Tropis, Vol 9 No. 3: 104-110

Manembu, I., Adrianto, L., Bangen, D.G., dan Yulianda F. 2012. Distribusi Karang dan Ikan Karang di Kawasan Reef Ball Teluk Buyat Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan Tropis Vol. VIII-1, April 2012.

Manuputty, A.E., Giyanto, Winardi, S.R., Suharti, and Djuwariah. 2006. Manual monitoring kesehatan karang (Reef health monitoring). CRITC COREMAP Indonesia. Jakarta: 109 pp.

Miller M. W and Falace A. 2000. Evaluation method for tropHic resource nutrients, primary production and associated assemblages (95–126). In Seaman, W.Jr. Artificial reef evaluation, with application to natural marine habitats. CRC Press. New York

Nasir dkk, 2017 Struktur komunitas ikan karang di perairan Pulau Batee Kecamatan Peukan Bada Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Jurnal Bioleuser, 1(2):76-85

Nugroho, F., S, (2018) Kelimpahan dan Keanekaragaman Ikan di Padang Lamun Pantai Bama dan Kajang Taman Nasional Baluran Situbondo. Undergraduate thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Odum, E.P. 1993. Dasar-dasar Ekologi. Terjemahan Tjahjono Samingan. Edisi Ketiga. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.

Odum, E.P. 1971. Fundamentals of Ecology. W.B. Saunders Company, PHiladelpHia, London.

Paxton, A.B., et al. 2020. Meta-Analysis Reveals Artificial Reefs Can Be Effective Tools for Fish Community Enhancement but Are Not One-Size-Fits-All. Front. Mar. Sci. 7:282.

Pirzan, A. M. dan P. R. Pong-Masak. 2008. Hubungan Keragaman Fitoplankton dengan Kualitas Air di Pulau Baulung Kabupaten Takalar Sulawesi Selatan. Biodiversitas. Maros: Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau. IX (3):217-221)

Prasetya, S, H., Munasik, Ambariyanto. 2014. Estimasi daya dukung terumbu karang berdasarkan biomassa ikan karang di perairan Misool Selatan, Raja Ampat, Papua Barat. Journal Of Marine Research 3(3) 233-243.

Ramses R 2015 Analisis Kesesuaian Lokasi untuk Aplikasi Teknologi Terumbu Buatan untuk Peningkatan Hasil Perikanan dan Rehabilitasi Lingkungan Laut. Jurnal Dimensi 4(1)

Redaksi Balebengong. 30 November 2020. Desa Bondalem Menyiapkan Taman Laut dan Generasi Konservasi. Balebengong: 1 (kolom 21-27).

Risnawati, R., Kasim, M., & Haslianti, H. 2018. Studi Kualitas Air dengan Pertumbuhan Rumput Laut (Kappaphycus alvarezii) pada Rakit Jaring Apung di Perairan Pantai Lakeba Kota BauBau Sulawesi Tenggara. Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Perairan, 4(2):155-164.

Schultz's, K. 2003. Ken Schultz's Field Guide to Saltwater Fish. Wiley. English.

Setyobudiandi I, Sulistiono, Yulianda F, Kusmana C, Hariyadi S, Damar A, Sembiring A, dan Bahtiar. 2009. Sampling dan analisis data perikanan dan kelautan; terapan metode pengambilan contoh di wilayah pesisir dan laut. Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan: IPB. Bogor.Hlm.: 312.

Sheaves, M., 2005. Nature and consequences of biological connectivity in mangrove systems. Marine Ecology Progress Series 302: 293–305.

Suin NM. 2002. Metoda Ekologi. Universitas Andalas Press. Padang.

United Nations Environment Program 2009. London Convention and Protocol/UNEP Guidelines for the Placement of Artificial Reefs. London: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

Unsworth, Richard K.F., James J. Bell, and David J. Smith. 2007. Tidal fish connectivity of reef and sea grass habitats in the Indo-Pacific. Journal of Marine Biology 87: 1287–1296.

Untung, A.N 2021, Perspektif Eksploitasi dan Konservasi dalam Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Perikanan Indonesia Majalah Media Perencana 2(1) pp 51-67.

Utomo, P.R., Ain, C., dan Supriharyono. 2013. Keanekaragaman Jenis Ikan Karang Di Daerah Rataan Dan Tubir Pada Ekosistem Terumbu Karang Di Legon Boyo, Taman Nasional Karimunjawa, Dan Jepara. Diponegoro Journal Of Maquares. 2 (4): 81-90

Yanuar, A., & Aunurohim. 2015. Komunitas ikan karang pada tiga model terumbu buatan (artificial reef) di perairan Pasir Putih Situbondo, Jawa Timur. Jurnal Sains dan Seni ITS, 4(1), 19-24.

Yunaldi, Arthana, I.W., Ida, A.S. 2011. Studi Perkembangan Struktur Komunitas Ikan Karang di Artificial reef Berbentuk Hexadome Pada Berbagai Kondisi Perairan Di Kabupaten Buleleng, Bali. Ecothropic, 6 (2): 107-