PERFORMA UDANG VANAME Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) YANG DIPELIHARA PADA SISTEM BIOFLOC DENGAN SUMBER KARBON BERBEDA
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The intensive cultivation of Litopenaeus vannamei with biofloc systems is one of the most efficient way to reduce shrimp cost production, because the biofloc can be used as feed subtitution for L. vannamei cultured. The application of the biofloc system in commercial ponds is still experiencing many obstacles so that it is not optimal in supporting the success of cultivation. One of the factors that determine the success of shrimp farming with a biofloc system is the determination of the right organic carbon source. The objective of this research was to know the effect of addition of C-carbohydrate (wheat, tapioca, and mollases) on shrimp growth, survival rate, biomass, efficency of feed and feed conversion ratio of white shrimp L. vannamei. The design of the research was using a completely randomized design, consisted of three experimental treatments with four replications. The result of this research showed that the biofloc systems with addition of C-carbohydrate on growth performance of the shrimps were not significantly different (P>0.05) among those treatments. The biofloc technology with addition of C-carbohydrate using treatment B (wheat) showed higher survival rate (SR), biomass, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and feed efficiency were significantly different (P<0.05) than the C-carbohydrate from treatment C (tapioca) and D (mollases). The bioflocs system with addition of C-carbohydrate from treatment B (wheat) had SR (75.4±7.2%), biomass (256,8±23,6 g), FCR (1.3±0.1) and efficiency of feed (74.9±7.3%).
Keyword: biofloc, wheat, tapioca, mollase,
ABSTRAK
Budidaya udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) secara intensif menggunakan sistem biofloc merupakan salah satu upaya efisiensi biaya produksi, karena biofloc dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif pakan bagi udang vaname yang dibudidayakan. Aplikasi sistem biofloc di tambak komersial masih mengalami banyak kendala sehingga tidak optimal dalam mendukung keberhasilan budidaya. Salah satu faktor yang menentukan keberhasian budidaya udang dengan system biofloc adalah penentuan sumber karbon organic yang tepat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh penggunaan sumber karbon organik yang berbeda dalam sistem biofloc terhadap pertumbuhan, tingkat kelangsungan hidup, biomassa, efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan, dan konversi pakan udang vaname. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan. Ketiga perlakukan sumber karbon organik tersebut adalah gandum, tapioka, dan molase. Pemeliharaan udang vaname dilakukan selama 35 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan sistem biofloc dengan penambahan sumber karbon organik yang berbeda tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan mutlak dan spesifik udang vaname (P>0.05). Penggunaan sumber karbon organik yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata terhadap tingkat kelangsungan hidup, biomasa, konversi pakan, maupun efisiensi pakan udang vaname. Sumber karbon gandum menghasilkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup, biomassa, konversi pakan, dan efesiensi pemanfaatan pakan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sumber karbon tapioka dan molase. Penggunaan sumber karbon gandum dalam sistem biofloc menghasilkan nilai tingkat kelangsungan hidup 75,4±7,2%, biomassa 256,8±23,6g, FCR 1,3±0,1 dan efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan sebesar 74,9±7,3%.
Kata kunci: biofloc, gandum, molase, tapioka
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v14i2.9191
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