BIOAKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DARI EKSTRAK DAUN MANGROVE Avicennia sp.
Abstract
Mangrove Avicennia sp. merupakan spesies mangrove yang penting, karena telah digunakan sebagai obat tradisional. Tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu mendapatkan fraksi ekstrak daun mangrove Avicennia sp. yang memiliki bioaktivitas antibakteri terhadap S. aureus dan E. coli. Sampel daun mangrove dikoleksi dari pesisir pantai di Kelurahan Kabonga Besar Kabupaten Donggala Sulawesi Tengah. Metode Pengujian antibakteri menggunakan difusi sumur agar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kehadiran senyawa steroid, triterpenoid, flavonoid, alkaloid dan polifenol. Aktivitas antibakteri ditunjukkan fraksi etil asetat (S. aureus 16.97 ± 1.15 mm dan E. coli 14.40 ± 0.46 mm) dan etanol (S. aureus 12.20 ± 2.12 mm dan E. coli 8.13 ± 0.42 mm) pada 1,000 mg/mL. Penelitian ini telah mengeksplorasi kemampuan antibakteri ekstrak daun Avicennia sp. dalam pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat dan etanol. Analisis fitokimia dari berbagai ekstrak pelarut menunjukkan bahwa flavonoid dan tanin adalah umum dalam semua ekstrak tanaman dengan sifat antibakteri. Ekstrak daun Avicennia sp. dapat digunakan untuk menemukan produk alami bioaktif baru dan dapat digunakan sebagai sumber potensial yang dapat mengendalikan bakteri patogen.
Kata Kunci : Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bioaktif, Donggala, Sulawesi Tengah
ABSTRACT
Mangrove Avicennia sp. an important mangrove species, because it used as traditional medicine. This research aimed to obtain a fraction of mangrove leaves extract Avicennia sp. which has antibacterial bioactivity against S. aureus and E. coli. Mangrove leaves collected from the coast in the village of Kabonga Besar, Donggala District, Central Sulawesi. Antibacterial activity assayed using the agar diffusion well method. The results showed the presence of steroid, triterpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids and polyphenols compounds. Antibacterial activity showed by ethyl acetate fraction (S. aureus 16.97 ± 1.15 mm and E. coli 14.40 ± 0.46 mm) and ethanol (S. aureus 12.20 ± 2.12 mm and E. coli 8.13 ± 0.42 mm) at 1,000 mg/mL. This study has explored the antibacterial ability of Avicennia sp. leaves extract in n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. Phytochemical analysis of various solvent extracts shows that flavonoids and tannins are common in all plant extracts with antibacterial properties. Avicennia sp. leaves extract can be used to find new bioactive natural products and can use as a potential source that can control pathogenic bacteria.
Key Words : Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bioactive, Donggala, Central Sulawesi
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v12i1.4752
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