KOMUNITAS IKAN KARANG DI PERAIRAN TAMAN WISATA ALAM (TWA) BATUANGUS, KOTAMADYA BITUNG, PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA
Abstract
REEF FISH COMMUNITY IN THE BATUANGUS NATURE PARK, MUNICIPALITY OF BITUNG, NORTH SULAWESI PROVINCE
Research was conducted at 4 point dive sites in TWA Batuangus and 1 tourist sites as a comparison site to see the condition of coral reef ecosystems that include coral cover and reef fish communities’ information. Live coral cover obtained generally show in moderate category (25 to 49.9%). Coral genus recorded in 33 transects genus were 27 genera of hard corals and 6 genus of soft corals. Reef fish recorded consists of 195 species of reef fish and 37 families. Locations in the TWA Batuangus which have relatively good conditions, is Batu Beach location where had higher abundance and biomass compared to other locations. Magic Rock seen better than that of TWA Batuangus, based from the condition of coral and targeted fish. This is most likely because the location of TWA Batuangus is the fishing area for the surrounding communities while Magic Rock is became one of the important diving spot in the Lembeh Strait. Reef fish community structure based on ecological indices are in unstable condition (H' were in low to moderate, E were depressed until labile and C were low). The similarity of reef fish species grouping Hall Batuangus separated with other sites because of the characteristics of the location in the form of semi-enclosed bays where the circulation of currents which do not enter into the bay which makes limiting the distribution of coral and fish.
Keywords: abundance, biomass, Batuangus, reef fish community structure, wildlife nature.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian sebanyak 4 titik penyelaman di TWA Batuangus dan 1 lokasi wisata sebagai pembanding dilakukan untuk melihat kondisi ekosistem terumbu karang yang meliputi informasi tutupan karang dan komunitas ikan karang. Tutupan karang hidup yang didapatkan menunjukkan umumnya berada pada kategori sedang (25–49,9 %). Genus karang yang tercatat masuk di dalam transek sebanyak 33 genus yang terdiri dari 27 genus karang keras dan 6 genus karang lunak. Ikan karang yang dicatat/ditemukan dalam survei derah dangkal ini terdiri dari 195 species ikan karang yang termasuk dalam 37 famili. Lokasi di dalam TWA Batuangus yang memiliki kondisi relatif baik yaitu di lokasi Pantai Batu dimana memiliki kelimpahan dan biomassa terbaik dibanding lokasi lainnya. Lokasi pembanding Magic Rock sedikit lebih baik daripada TWA Batuangus, jika dilihat dari kondisi karang serta ikan target. Hal ini kemungkinan karena lokasi TWA Batuangus menjadi daerah penangkapan ikan bagi masyarakat sekitar, sedangkan Magic Rock yang menjadi salah satu spot penyelaman penting di Selat Lembeh. Struktur komunitas ikan karang berdasarkan indeks ekologinya berada dalam kondisi labil (H’ masuk rendah hingga sedang, E tertekan hingga labil dan C yang rendah). Kesamaan species ikan karang mengelompokkan site Hall Batuangus terpisah dengan site lainnya karena karakteristik lokasi yang berupa teluk semi tertutup dimana sirkulasi arus yang tidak masuk kedalam teluk yang menjadikan pembatas distribusi karang dan ikan yang ada di dalamnya.
Kata kunci: biomassa, Batuangus, kelimpahan, struktur komunitas ikan karang, Taman Wisata Alam.Full Text:
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v9i1.1032
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Published by: Department of Marine Sciences, Trunojoyo University of Madura