.
Design and Construction Of a Small-Scale Permanen Magnet Micro-Hydro Power Plant in Kunigan West Java
Abstract
Listrik merupakan kebutuhan vital bagi masyarakat, khususnya di daerah terpencil yang belum terlayani secara memadai oleh jaringan listrik. Salah satu bentuk energi terbarukan dengan potensi pengembangan yang signifikan adalah tenaga air, yang dimanfaatkan melalui Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air Mikro (PLTMH). Kabupaten Kuningan memiliki potensi tenaga air yang cukup besar melalui Sungai Cisanggarung, dengan laju aliran rata-rata sekitar ±100 liter per detik, berdasarkan data dari stasiun pemantauan Baok dan Cibinuang. Aliran Sungai Cisanggarung kemudian mengalir dan bermuara ke Sungai Cigintung, yang merupakan lokasi penelitian ini; akibatnya, kondisi dan karakteristik aliran air di Sungai Cigintung juga dipengaruhi oleh laju aliran Sungai Cisanggarung. Sistem PLTMH ini dirancang untuk memanfaatkan energi kinetik air untuk memutar turbin, yang kemudian diubah menjadi energi listrik menggunakan generator magnet permanen. Metode penelitian meliputi survei lapangan, desain turbin dan sistem pembangkit listrik, serta pengujian kinerja. Generator magnet permanen dipilih karena efisiensinya yang tinggi dan fakta bahwa generator ini tidak memerlukan arus eksitasi tambahan, dengan sistem penyearah dioda dan kapasitor 1000 µF/50V untuk menstabilkan tegangan DC. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan tegangan 23 V DC dan 2834 RPM dalam kondisi tanpa beban, dan 11,5 V DC, arus 0,70 A, dan 1754 RPM saat diberi beban satu lampu 12 V DC (5 W) dan dua lampu 12 V DC (10 W). Energi listrik yang dihasilkan ditujukan untuk penggunaan dalam aplikasi skala kecil seperti penerangan, menjadikannya solusi energi alternatif potensial di daerah pedesaan.
Keywords
References
M. Yuhendri and D. Doni, “Design And Construction Of a Single- Stator, Single- Stator Axial-Flux Permanen Magnet Generator 4, no. 2, pp. 339–350, 2023.
M. Firman, A. Amin, and S. Ihsan, “The Effect Of Variations In Wire Diameter And Rotational Speed On The Performance Of Permanen Magnet Generators In Small-Scale Power Generation Systems,” vol. 2025, no. Senastika, pp. 37–43, 2025.
P. Eklund, J. Sj, M. Berg, M. Leijon, and S. Eriksson, “Experimental Evaluation of a Rare Earth-Free Permanent Magnet Generator”.
K. Zhang, X. Huang, L. Wu, Y. Fang, and W. Cao, “Stator Design Aspects for Permanent Magnet Super- conducting Wind Power Generators,” IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. PP, no. August 2017, p. 1, 2019, doi: 10.1109/TASC.2019.2895225.
A. D. Cahyo and R. M. F. A. Y, “Utilization of a Low-Speed Neodymium Wind Turbine Generator as an Alternative Power Source for Homes in the North Cirebon Coastal Area, Indonesia,” vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 316–321, 2024.
M. N. Fikri, U. C. Buana, and D. B. Santoso, “Design of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator for a 500-Watt Wind Power Plant with Low Wind Speed Muhamad,” vol. 8, no. 2, 2022.
S. J. Arand and M. Ardebili, “Multi-objective design and prototyping of a low cogging torque axial-flux PM generator with segmented stator for small-scale direct-drive wind turbines,” vol. 10, pp. 889–899, 2016, doi: 10.1049/iet-epa.2016.0007.
H. Prasetijo, W. H.P., P. Priswanto, and P. B.S., “Permanent Magnet Generator for the Operational Continuity of a Pico-Hydro Power Plant,” JPPM (Journal of Community Service and Empowerment), vol. 5, no. 2, p. 243, 2022, doi: 10.30595/jppm.v5i2.7182.
Hartono Budi Santoso, I Made Wiwit Kastawan, and Asep Barkah Muhadi, “Design and Construction of an Axial-Flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) DC Generator Using a Rectifier Circuit,” J. Energy Eng., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 450–454, 2020, doi: 10.35313/energi.v6i1.1744.
M. K. A. Rosa, J. Jonrinaldi, and H. F. Sianipar, “Design of a 12-Pole Single-Phase Axial-Flux Permanent Magnet Generator with a Double Stator,” J. Inform. and Electr. Applied Electrical Engineering, vol. 11, no. 3s1, pp. 869–876, 2023, doi: 10.23960/jitet.v11i3s1.3377.
H. Herudin and W. D. Prasetyo, “Design of a Low-Speed 750 RPM Single-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator,” Setrum Systems for Control, Power, Electronics, Telecommunications and Computers, vol. 5, no. 1, p. 11, 2016, doi: 10.36055/setrum.v5i1.886.
I Made Wiwit Kastawan, Aditya Rahman, and Rusmana, “A Simple Hydroelectric Power Plant with a Single-Phase Permanent Magnet Generator and a Low-Speed Water Turbine,” J. Tek. Energi, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 30–35, 2024, doi: 10.35313/.v13i1.3901.
Y. Dwi Setyo Pambudi, S. Rokhmanila, and A. Septian MN, “Design and Construction of Permanent Magnet Generators and Induction Generators in a Hydroelectric Power Plant System,” Epic J. Electr. Power Instrum. Control, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 45, 2020, doi: 10.32493/epic.v3i1.3728.
S. I. Allkadri, “Design and Construction of a Miniature Hydroelectric Power Plant for Domestic Use,” Electr. Netw. Syst. Sources, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 8–14, 2023, doi: 10.58466/entries.v2i1.1132.
B. Ardo, E. Emidiana, and P. Perawati, “Planning of a Micro-Hydro Power Plant (PLTMH) in Tanjung Raman Talang Air Selepah Village, Pendopo Sub-district, Empat Lawang Regency,” J. Tekno, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 81–92, 2022, doi: 10.33557/jtekno.v19i1.1665.
I. Trivania et al., “Design and Construction of a Micro-Hydro Power Plant (PLTMH) Prototype with a Case Study of an Irrigation Channel in Medewi Village, Pekutatan Sub-district, Jembrana Regency,” Maj. Ilm. Teknol. Elektro, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 79–94, 2025, doi: 10.24843/mite.205.v24i01.p08.
Y. Prabowo, B. Swasti, and G. Gata, “Feasibility Study of a Micro-Hydro Power Plant (PLTMH) on the Gunung Bunder Irrigation Channel, Pamijahan, Bogor,” vol. X, no. 1, pp. 41–52, 2018.
H. Suripto and S. Anwar, “Design and Development of a Prototype Testing Device for Micro-Hydro Power Plants with a Backflow Water System,” JTERA (Journal of Engineering Technology), vol. 5, no. 2, p. 221, 2020, doi: 10.31544/jtera.v5.i2.2020.221-230.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/triac.v13i1.34154
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Teknik Elektro dan Komputer TRIAC
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
