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Digitalization of Automatic Monitoring and Control for Aquaculture Based on Internet of Things
Abstract
Fish pond management is highly dependent on water quality parameters such as temperature, pH level, and water level. In practice, monitoring and controlling these parameters are often performed manually, resulting in inefficiency and delayed response to environmental changes. This study presents the design and implementation of an Internet of Things-based monitoring and control system for fish pond maintenance. The system utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with a DS18B20 temperature sensor, a pH sensor, and an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor. The control method combines automatic and manual control. In automatic mode, the ESP32 activates the water pumps, aerator, and feeder based on predefined sensor thresholds, while in manual mode, control commands are issued through the Node-RED dashboard and transmitted to the ESP32 via the MQTT protocol. Experimental results show that the system achieved average percentage errors of 3.83% for temperature measurement, 2.56% for pH measurement, and 2.70% for water level measurement, while all actuators responded reliably to user commands through real-time communication. The developed system provides an effective and practical solution to improve efficiency and accessibility in aquaculture management.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/triac.v13i2.33342
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