Design and Evaluation of an IoT-Enabled ESP32 Photoplethysmography Monitor for Heart Rate and SpO₂

Muhhammad Iyan Putra Pratama, Luthfan Hadi Pramono, Adi Kurniawan Saputro, Dian Neipa Purnamasari, Muttaqin Hardiwansyah

Abstract


Cardiovascular disease (CVD) motivates affordable, continuous monitoring of heart rate and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO₂). We present a single-MCU device using an ESP32 and MAX30102 photoplethysmography sensor that acquires heart rate and SpO₂ and streams data to a ThingSpeak dashboard. Performance was evaluated over four consecutive days under normal conditions, with five paired measurements per day against a clinically approved fingertip oximeter. Using all paired observations, the proposed design achieved low errors with RMSE = 0.84 bpm for heart rate and 0.59 percentage points for SpO₂, the maximum absolute error did not exceed 1 bpm or 1 pp, respectively. These results demonstrate end-to-end operation and good agreement with reference in resting conditions.

Keywords


ESP32, MAX30102, Heart rate, SpO2, Internet of Things, ThingSpeak.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/triac.v12i2.31989

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