Perbedaan Health Belief Model Berdasarkan Gender pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran

Rahmiyati Rahmiyati; Jehan Safitri; Firdha Yuserina

doi:10.21107/personifikasi.v15i2.20976

Perbedaan Health Belief Model Berdasarkan Gender pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran

Rahmiyati Rahmiyati, Jehan Safitri, Firdha Yuserina

Abstract

Gender difference in individual health beliefs have been reported in many studies, however there were inconsistent studies resulted regarding the presence or absence of gender difference. Medical students as future doctors considered as role models in community. The lifestyle of a doctor not only affects themselves but also has a significant influence on their surrounding environment. The aim of this study was to determine the health belief model (HBM) difference based on gender among medical students. This study employed a quantitative cross-sectional research design. The subjects were medical students, consisting of 54 males and 57 females. Stratified random sampling was used for sampling. The measurement employed the Health Belief Model (HBM) scale developed by the researchers based on the six dimensions of HBM from Champion dan Skinner (2008). Data were analyzed using independent t-test. The results of this study indicated that there was no significant HBM difference based on gender. Both groups had good level of HBM. Based on the resulted, it can be concluded that there was no HBM difference based on gender among medical students.

Keywords

health belief model (HBM); gender; medical student

Full Text:

PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)

References

Abraham, C., & Sheeran, P. (2005). The health belief model. In M. Conner & P. Norman (Eds), Predicting health behaviour 2nd edition. Open University Press.

Afifah, N., Sari, S. Y. I., & Miftahurachman, M. (2014). Health Behavior Among Medical Student at Universitas Padjadjaran. Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education, 3(1), 72-79.

https://doi.org/10.22146/jpki.25222

Alidu, L., & Grunfeld, E. A. (2017). Gender differences in beliefs about health: A comparative qualitative study with Ghanaian and Indian migrants living in the United Kingdom. BMC psychology, 5(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-017-0178-z

Asghar, A., Shah, A. M., Hussain, A. A., Tahir, A., & Asghar, H. (2019). Frequency of Pre-obesity and Obesity in Medical Students of Karachi and the Predisposing Lifestyle Habits. Cureus, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.3948

Azizah, H. U. N., & Indartono, S. (2019). Contribution of Educational System Quality and Health Condition to Welcome Demographic Bonus in Indonesia. In International Conference on Social Science and Character Educations (IcoSSCE 2018) and International Conference on Social Studies, Moral, and Character Education (ICSMC 2018). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/icossce-icsmc-18.2019.37

Borlu, A., Aykut, M., Çelik, N., Gün, İ., Timur, A., & Karaca, S. (2019). Fruit and vegetable consumption of last grade medical students and related factors. Progress in Nutrition, 21(1), 86-92. http://dx.doi.org/10.23751/pn.v21i1.6384

Chahyati, Y. (2016, Oktober 01). Mahasiswa banyak abaikan pola hidup sehat. Diakses pada 22 September 2019 di https://www.ayobandung.com/read/2016/10/01/11917/mahasiswa-banyak-abaikan-pola-hidup-sehat.

Champion, V. L., & Skinner, C. S. (2008). The health belief model. In K.

Glanz, B. K. Krimer & K. Viswanath (Eds), Health behavior and health education: theory, research, and practice. Jossey-Bass.

Cresswell, P., & Monrouxe, L. V. (2018). ‘And you’ll suddenly realise ‘I’ve not washed my hands’: medical students’, junior doctors’ and medical educators’ narratives of hygiene behaviours. BMJ open, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018156

de Visser, R. (2019). Gender and health. In C. D. Llewellyn, S. Ayers, C. McManus, S. Newman, K. Petrie, T. Revenson, & J. Weinman (Eds), The cambridge handbook of psychology, health and medicine. Cambridge University Press

Davis, J. L., Buchanan, K. L., Katz, R. V., & Green, B. L. (2012). Gender differences in cancer screening beliefs, behaviors, and willingness to participate: implications for health promotion. American journal of men's health, 6(3), 211-217.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988311425853

Eo, Y. S., & Kim, J. S. (2019). Associations of health belief and health literacy with Pap smear practice among Asian immigrant women. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 42, 63-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2019.08.003

Fakih, M. (2013). Analisis gender dan transformasi sosial. Pustaka Pelajar.

Farradika, Y., Umniyatun, Y., Nurmansyah, M. I., & Jannah, M. (2019). Perilaku Aktivitas Fisik dan Determinannya pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka. ARKESMAS (Arsip Kesehatan Masyarakat), 4(1), 134-142. https://doi.org/10.22236/arkesmas.v4i1.3548

Glanz, K., Rimer, B. K., & Viswanath, K. (2015). The scope of health behavior, In Glanz, K., Rimer, B. K., & Viswanath, K (Eds). Health behavior: Theory, research, and practice. John Wiley & Sons.

Hamasha, A. A. H., Alshehri, A., Alshubaiki, A., Alssafi, F., Alamam, H., & Alshunaiber, R. (2018). Gender-specific oral health beliefs and behaviors among adult patients attending King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh. The Saudi dental journal, 30(3), 226-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sdentj.2018.05.003

Hyde, J. S. (2014). Gender similarities and differences. Annual review of psychology, 65, 373-398. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115057

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (Kemenkes). (2016, Agustus 08). Asosiasi pemerintah kabupaten seluruh Indonesia bersepakat untuk cegah dan kendalikan penyakit tidak menular. Diakses pada 17 Februari 2020 di https://www.depkes.go.id/article/view/16080900002/asosiasi-pemerintah-kabupaten-seluruh-indonesia-bersepakat-untuk-cegah-dan-kendalikan-penyakit-tidak.html.

Langford, A. T., Solid, C. A., Gann, L. C., Rabinowitz, E. P., Williams, S. K., & Seixas, A. A. (2018). Beliefs about the causes of hypertension and associations with pro-health behaviors. Health Psychology, 37(12), 1092. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000687

Magar, V. (2015). Gender, health and the sustainable development goals. Buletin of the World Health Organization. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.15.165027

Noviyanto, S., & Wiyaja, Y. D. (2016). Perbedaan health belief mahasiswa perokok di universitas esa unggul berdasarkan jenis kelamin. Media Ilmiah Psikologi, 14(1). https://ejurnal.esaunggul.ac.id/index.php/psiko/article/view/1634

Nyombi, K. V., Kizito, S., Mukunya, D., Nabukalu, A., Bukama, M., Lunyera, J., ... & Kalyesubula, R. (2016). High prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease risk factors among medical students at Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda. BMC research notes, 9(1), 110. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-1924-7

Pranita, E. (2019, Oktober 15). Angka kasus penyakit tidak menular di Indonesia melonjak, ini sebabnya. Diakses pada 17 Februari 2020 di https://sains.kompas.com/read/2019/10/15/093325423/angka-kasus-penyakit-tidak-menular-di-indonesia-melonjak-ini-sebabnya?page=1.

Priyoto. (2014). Teori sikap & perilaku dalam kesehatan: dilengkapi dengan contoh kuisioner. Nuha Medika.

Riskiafianti, D., & Rozali, Y. A. (2018). Perbedaan health belief remaja berdasarkan jenis kelamin dalam memakai vape. Media Ilmiah Psikologi.

Rokhmansyah, A. (2016). Pengantar gender dan feminisme: pemahaman awal kritik sastra feminisme. Garudhawaca.

Rosenstock, I. M. (1974). Historical origins of the health belief model. Health Education Monographs, 2(4), 328-335. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019817400200403

Saeidi, M., Komasi, S., Soroush, A., Zakiei, A., & Shakeri, J. (2014). Gender differences in patients' beliefs about biological, environmental, behavioral, and psychological risk factors in a cardiac rehabilitation program. Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Medicine, 2(4), 215-220. https://doi.org/10.22038/jctm.2014.3490

Seftiana, M., Rusli, R., & Safitri, J. (2019). Hubungan antara health belief dan perilaku kepatuhan pasien gagal ginjal kronik di RSUD Brigjend H. Hasan Basry Kandangan. Kognisia, 2(1), 66-72. https://ppjp.ulm.ac.id/journals/index.php/kog/article/view/1610

Sudarma, M. (2008). Sosiologi untuk kesehatan. Salemba Medika.

Vankhuma, C., Basu, S., Sharma, N., & Kumar, S. (2019). Tobacco use patterns and tobacco-related awareness in medical students of Delhi. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2019.04.012

Wardle, J., Haase, A. M., Steptoe, A., Nillapun, M., Jonwutiwes, K., & Bellisie, F. (2004). Gender differences in food choice: the contribution of health beliefs and dieting. Annals of behavioral medicine, 27(2), 107-116. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15324796abm2702_5

Wong, R. K., Wong, M. L., Chan, Y. H., Feng, Z., Wai, C. T., & Yeoh, K. G. (2013). Gender difference in predictors of colorectal cancer screening upatake: A national cross-sectional study based on the health belief model. BMC public health, 13(1), 677. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-677

Yadav, S. S., Saini, P., Khan, Z. A., Bachloo, T., Kumar, R., & Singh, J. (2016). Assessment of body mass index among undergraduate medical students—a cross-sectional study from the medical college of Haryana. Int J Med Sci Public Health, 5(4), 705-8. https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2016.01092015116

Yang, S., He, C., Zhang, X., Sun, K., Wu, S., Sun, X., & Li, Y. (2016). Determinants of antihypertensive adherence among patients in Beijing: Application of the health belief model. Patient education and counseling, 99(11), 1894-1900.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2016.06.014

Yousif, M. M., Kaddam, L. A., & Humeda, H. S. (2019). Correlation between physical activity, eating behavior and obesity among Sudanese medical students Sudan. BMC Nutrition, 5(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-019-0271-1

Zhang, Y. P., Xia, R. Y., Zhang, B., Zhang, F., Zhao, X. S., Zhang, L. L., & Li, H. (2014). Gender differences on osteoporosis health beliefs and related behaviors in non-academic community Chinese. Journal of community health, 39(3), 545-551. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-013-9795-5

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/personifikasi.v15i2.20976

Refbacks

There are currently no refbacks.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Indexed by:

Personifikasi by Universitas Trunojoyo Madura is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Username
Password
Remember me