Kandungan Limbah Pengolahan Rumput Laut dan Potensi Pemanfaatannya (Review)
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Pada pengolahan rumput laut menyisakan limbah padat dan cair yang belum ditangani secara optimal. Padahal penanganan tersebut sangat penting untuk menjaga keberlanjutan dan menjauhkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Salah satu strategi penanganan yang perlu dikembangkan adalah pemanfaatan limbah rumput laut yang dapat mendukung tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Tujuan tulisan ini adalah untuk mengumpulkan informasi dari berbagai sumber penelitian mengenai kandungan limbah rumput laut dan potensi pemanfaatannya sehinga dapat mendukung pengembangan pengelolaan limbah rumput laut yang bernilai tambah. Sebagian besar penelitian yang telah dilakukan mengamati kandungan serat pada limbah rumput laut. Selain itu juga diamati komponen mineral dominan diantaranya mineral N, P, K, Ca, Mg. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa limbah tersebut memiliki kandungan serat yang cukup tinggi, namum hasilnya bervariatif. Hal yang sama juga terjadi pada kandungan mineral dominan. Kondisi ini diduga disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor baik internal maupun eksternal. Potensi pemanfaatan yang banyak dikaji adalah sebagai bahan baku bioetanol, biokomposit dan pupuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tren yang positif karena didukung oleh teori yang kuat. Namun untuk saat ini sebagian besar penelitian masih dalam tahap pengembangan awal dan masih terbatas pada penelitian skala laboratorium walaupun ada beberapa penelitian yang sudah sampai pada tahap ujicoba lapang.
Kata kunci: bioetanol, biokomposit, limbah rumput laut, pemanfaatan, pupuk
ABSTRACT
Seaweed processing leaves solid and liquid waste that has not been handled optimally. In fact, such handling is very important to maintain sustainability and avoid negative impacts on the environment. One handling strategy that needs to be developed is the utilization of seaweed waste that can support sustainable development goals. The purpose of this paper is to collect information from various research sources and literature regarding the content of seaweed waste and its potential utilization so that it can support the development of value-added seaweed waste management. Most of the research that has been done looks at the fiber content of seaweed waste. In addition, the dominant mineral components including minerals N, P, K, Ca, Mg were also observed. The results of the study showed that the waste has a fairly high fiber content, but the results varied. The same thing also happened to the dominant mineral content. This condition is thought to be caused by various factors both internal and external. The potential utilization that has been studied is as raw material for bioethanol, biocomposites and fertilizers. Research results show a positive trend because they are supported by strong theory. However, for now most of the research is still in the early development stage and is still limited to laboratory-scale research although there are some studies that have reached the field trial stage.
Keywords: biocomposites, bioethanol, fertilizer, seaweed waste, utilization
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/juvenil.v5i2.25036
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