PROFIL GC-MS DARI EKSTRAK DAUN RHIZOPHORA APICULATA DARI PESISIR TELUK TOMINI, SULAWESI TENGAH DENGAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DAN ANTIOKSIDAN
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Mangroves are plants with good tolerance to salinity changes, developing a chemical defense system with pharmacological value. This study aimed to obtain a GC-MS profiles of Rhizophora apiculata mangrove leaves extract, which could scavenge DPPH radicals and inhibit the growth of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The research included sampling, extraction (maceration with MeOH:DCM), identification of chemical profiles using GC-MS spectra analysis, assaying for antibacterial activity (well diffusion method), and antioxidants (DPPH radical scavenging). Mangrove leaves sampling was carried out on Laemanta, Parigi Moutong, Central Sulawesi. Based on the leaves’ characteristics and tips, the types of roots, fruits, and flowers, the mangrove leave samples were identified as R. apiculata. The GC-MS profiles of R. apiculata leaves extract was dominated by mome inositol (75.6%). The antibacterial assay showed at a concentration of 100 mg/mL of R. apiculata leaves extract showed weak to strong antibacterial activity, with the inhibition zone diameter of P. aeruginosa (1.22 ± 0.39 mm), S. typhimurium (3.00 ± 1.20 mm), and L. monocytogenes (17.22 ± 1.26 mm). The leaves extract of R. apiculata showed antioxidant activity, with an IC50 value of 96.68 ± 0.68 µg/mL. Based on the results, the mangrove leaves of R. apiculata extracts showed potential antibacterial and antioxidant activity. This study indicated that R. apiculata from Central Sulawesi were potential mangroves to discover and develop antibacterial and antioxidant agents.
Keywords: GC-MS, Listeria monocytogenes, Parigi Moutong, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium.
ABSTRAK
Mangrove merupakan tumbuhan dengan toleransi baik terhadap perubahan salinitas, sehingga mengembangkan suatu sistem pertahanan kimia yang bernilai farmakologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan profil senyawa dengan GC-MS dari ekstrak daun mangrove Rhizophora apiculata yang dapat menangkap radikal DPPH dan menghambat pertumbuhan Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Penelitian meliputi pengambilan sampel, ekstraksi daun mangrove (maserasi dengan MeOH:DCM), identifikasi profil senyawa dengan analisis spektra GC-MS, pengujian aktivitas antibakteri (metode difusi sumur) dan antioksidan (penangkapan radikal DPPH). Pengambilan sampel daun mangrove dilakukan di pesisir Desa Laemanta, Kabupaten Parigi Moutong, Sulawesi Tengah. Berdasarkan karakteristik bentuk dan ujung daun, jenis akar, buah, dan bunga, sampel daun mangrove terindentifikasi Rhizophora apiculata. Profil GC-MS dari ekstrak daun R. apiculata didominasi oleh senyawa mome inositol (75,6%). Hasil pengujian antibakteri pada konsentrasi 100 mg/mL ekstrak daun R. apiculata menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri yang lemah sampai kuat, dengan diameter zona hambat pada P. aeruginosa (1,22 ± 0,39 mm), dan S. typhimurium (3,00 ± 1,20 mm), L. monocytogenes (17,22 ± 1,26 mm). Ekstrak daun R. apiculata menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 96.68 ± 0.68 µg/mL. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian ekstrak daun mangrove R. apiculata menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri dan antioksidan. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa R. apiculata asal Sulawesi Tengah menjadi mangrove yang potensial dijadikan sebagai agen antibakteri dan antioksidan.
Kata Kunci: GC-MS, Listeria monocytogenes, Parigi Moutong, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium.
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