POLA SEBARAN HORISONTAL LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL (PB) DAN ZENG (ZN) PADA SEDIMEN DI PERAIRAN MUARA SUNGAI KALIGUNG TEGAL
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Muara Kaligung receives waste from industry and human activities. This condition will have an impact on the accumulation of heavy metals in the sediment. The high concentration of heavy metals in the waters can endanger the survival of living organisms in the waters. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration and distribution pattern of the heavy metals lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) sediments in the Kaligung estuary, Tegal and to analyze their relationship to organic carbon and sediment grain size and flow patterns. The method used is descriptive exploratory and the selection of station points using purpose sampling. Sediment sampling in September 2018. Heavy metal analysis using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), at the Chemical Laboratory, University of Jakarta. The distribution pattern of heavy metal concentrations used QGIS software. The results showed that the concentration of lead (Pb) was between 17.8 ppm - 31.4 ppm and zinc (Zn) ranged from 107.1 ppm - 112.1 ppm. The metal distribution pattern is concentrated in front of the estuary and then decreases towards the sea. The simple linear model analysis of metals to organic carbon has a coefficient of determination (R2) for Pb and Zn of 0.4 and 0.3, respectively. This model explains that the distribution of Pb and Zn metals is influenced by organic carbon by 40% and 30%. Other environmental factors that affect the distribution are grain size and current patterns.
Keywords: organic carbon, Pb, Zn, Kaligung estuary, current pattern
ABSTRAK
Muara Sungai Kaligung menerima limbah yang berasal dari industri dan aktivitas manusia. Kondisi tersebut akan berdampak terhadap akumulasi logam berat pada sedimen. Logam berat timbal (Pb) dan seng (Zn) di perairan dapat membahayakan keberlangsungan organisme hidup di perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pola persebaran konsentrasi logam berat timbal (Pb) dan seng (Zn) pada sedimen dan menganalisis faktor keterkaitannya dengan bahan organik dan ukuran butir sedimen serta pola arus. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif eksploratif dan penentuan titik stasiun berdasarkan metode purpose sampling. Pengambilan sampel sedimen dilakukan pada bulan September 2018. Analisis logam berat menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) di Laboratorium Kimia Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Pola sebaran konsentrasi logam berat menggunakan softtware QGIS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai konsentrasi logam berat timbal (Pb) berkisar antara 17,8 ppm – 31,4 ppm dan seng (Zn) berkisar antara 107,1 ppm – 112,1 ppm. Pola sebaran logam terkonsentrasi di depan muara dan kemudian mengalami penurunan ke arah laut. Tingginya konsentrasi logam berat timbal (Pb) dan seng (Zn) tidak selalu diikuti tingginya bahan organik. Hasil analisis model linier sederhana antara logam timbal (Pb) dan seng (Zn) terhadap bahan organik memiliki koefisien determinasi (R2=0,4) dan (R2=0,3), secara berturut-turut. Model ini menjelaskan bahwa keberadaan logam Pb dipengaruhi oleh bahan organik sebesar 40% dan dan Zn sebesar 30%. Ada faktor lingkungan lain yang turut mempengaruhi konsentrasinya, seperti ukuran butir dan pola arus.
Kata Kunci: bahan organik, Pb, Zn, muara sungai Kaligung, pola arus
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v14i1.8481
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Published by: Department of Marine Sciences, Trunojoyo University of Madura