IDENTIFIKASI IKAN SARDIN KOMERSIAL (Dussumieria elopsoides) YANG DIDARATKAN DI PASAR MUARA ANGKE, JAKARTA MENGGUNAKAN PENGAMATAN MORFOLOGI, MORFOMETRIK DAN DNA BARCODING
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Sardines are an important commodity in import activities. Excessive imports and lack of catch data are feared to reduce fish stocks. To complete the fish catch data required knowledge of body type and size. This study aims to identify and confirm commercial sardines species landed at Muara Angke Market, Jakarta using morphological, morphometric, and DNA barcoding methods targeting the Mitochondrial Cytochrome c oxidase-I (COI) gene. The results of morphological and morphometric analysis showed that the samples are the genus Dussumieria originating from the Dussumieriidae family, the Order Clupeidae, having silver-colored body characteristics with reflections resembling rainbows, slender bodies and rounded stomachs with a maximum length of up to 14.4 cm, then less abdominal fins advance from the midsection. Based on the relationship of body weight length, this fish is negative allometric. Molecular DNA barcoding analysis using COI, obtained by type of Dussumieria elopsoides fish with local name of rainbow sardines, similarity level with Query Cover percentage was 94% and Per percentage. Ident of 91.64%. DNA barcoding analysis has corroborated morphological and morphometric observations by obtaining fish samples identified as Dussumieria elopsoides.
Keywords: Morphology, Morphometrics, DNA Barcoding, Dussumiera elopsoides.
ABSTRAK
Ikan sardin merupakan komoditas penting dalam kegiatan impor. Impor berlebih serta kurangnya data penangkapan dikhawatirkan dapat menurunkan stok ikan. Untuk melengkapi data tangkapan ikan diperlukan pengetahuan mengenai jenis dan ukuran tubuhnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan memastikan jenis ikan sardin komersial yang didaratkan di Pasar Muara Angke, Jakarta dengan menggunakan studi morfologi, morfometrik, dan metode DNA barcoding dengan target gen Mitokondrial Cytochrome c oxidase-I (COI). Hasil analisa morfologi dan morfometrik menunjukkan bahwa sampel merupakan genus Dussumieria berasal dari famili Dussumieriidae, Ordo Clupeidae, memiliki karakteristik tubuh yang berwarna silver dengan pantulan menyerupai pelangi, tubuh ramping dan perut membulat dengan panjang maksimal dapat mencapai 14,4 cm, kemudian sirip bagian perut kurang maju dari bagian tengah tubuhnya. Berdasarkan hubungan panjang berat badan, ikan ini bersifat alometrik negatif. Analisis DNA barcoding secara molekuler menggunakan COI, didapatkan ikan berjenis Dussumieria elopsoides dengan nama lokal ikan sardin pelangi, tingkat kemiripan dengan presentase Query Cover sebesar 94% dan presentase Per. Ident sebesar 91,64%. Analisis DNA Barcoding telah menguatkan pengamatan morfologi dan morfometrik dengan didapatkan sampel ikan yang teridentifikasi berjenis Dussumieria elopsoides.
Kata Kunci: Morfologi, Morfometrik, DNA Barcoding, Dussumiera elopsoides.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v13i2.6397
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Published by: Department of Marine Sciences, Trunojoyo University of Madura