Ekstraksi Dan Karakterisasi Kolagen Ubur-Ubur (Aurelia aurita) Dengan Metode Asam Dari Perairan Temajuk Sambas Kalimantan Barat

Nora Idiawati

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Ubur-ubur kaya dengan protein dengan kolangen sebagai penyusun utamanya. Kolagen memiliki potensi dibidang farmasi. Pangan dan kosmetik. Dibidang kosmetik kolagen memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan, pelembab kulit, dan anti-aging. Dimana kandungan kolagen dalam kulit berkurang seiring bertambahnya usia, menjadikan alasan banyak industri kosmetik bersaing untuk mengembangkan penggunaan kolagen baik secara topikal maupun oral. Produk sampingan ikan menghasilkan kolagen halal penganti kolagen daging babi. Telah dilakukan ekstraksi kolagen dari ubur-ubur (Aurelia aurita) asal dari pulau Temajuk. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan perendaman ubur-ubur menggunakan NaOH 0,1 N selama 24 jam selajutnya dengan menggunakan asam klorida 0,25 M, 0,50 M, dan 0,75 M dan asam asetat 0,25 M, 0,50 M, dan 0,75 M selama 48 jam. Rendemen kolagen ubur-ubur terbaik yang dihasilkan sebesar 5,7% dengan menggunakan asam asetat 0,75 M dengan pH 6,9 kadar air 8,18%, kadar abu 8,9%. Metode identifikasi gugus fungsi kolagen ubur-ubur (Aurelia aurita) digunakan adalah FTIR. Gugus fungsi FTIR ubur-ubur (Aurelia aurita) memiliki puncak serapan amida A, amida B, amida I, amida II, dan amida III pada bilangan gelombang berturut-turut 3446,79 cm-1, 2926,01 cm-1, 1641,42 cm-1, 1566,2 cm-1, dan 1257,59 cm-1. Hasil ekstraksi kolagen yang diekstrak dengan metode asam aseat 0,75 M sudah sesuai dengan standar kolagen oleh Badan Standarisasi National BSN.

Kata kunci: kolagen, ekstraksi, ubur-ubur (Aurelia aurita), FTIR

ABSTRACT

Jellyfish are rich in protein with collagen as its main component. Collagen has potential in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic fields. In the cosmetic field, collagen has potential as an antioxidant, skin moisturizer, and anti-aging. Where collagen content in the skin decreases with age, it is the reason why many cosmetic industries are competing to develop the use of collagen both topically and orally. Fish byproducts produce halal collagen as a substitute for pork collagen. Collagen extraction has been carried out from jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) from Temajuk Island. The extraction process is carried out by soaking the jellyfish in 0.1 N NaOH for 24 hours, then using 0.25 M, 0.50 M, and 0.75 M hydrochloric acid and 0.25 M, 0.50 M, and 0.75 M acetic acid for 48 hours. The best jellyfish collagen yield produced was 5.7% using 0.75 M acetic acid with pH 6.9, water content 8.18%, ash content 8.9%. The identification method of jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) collagen functional groups used was FTIR. The jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) FTIR functional groups have absorption peaks of amide A, amide B, amide I, amide II, and amide III at wave numbers of 3446.79 cm-1, 2926.01 cm-1, 1641.42 cm-1, 1566.2 cm-1, and 1257.59 cm-1, respectively. The results of collagen extraction extracted using the 0.75 M acetic acid method are in accordance with the collagen standards by the National Standardization Agency BSN.

Keywords: collagen, extraction, jellyfish (Aurelia aurita), FTIR


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v18i3.32026

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Published by: Department of Marine Sciences, Trunojoyo University of Madura