Identifikasi Mikroplastik Pada Kerang Simping (Amusium pleuronectes) (Linnaeus, 1758)
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Organisme filter feeder seperti kerang merupakan salah satu organisme yang memiliki resiko cukup besar untuk mengakumulasi mikroplastik, salah satunya yaitu kerang simping (Amusium pleuronectes). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk mikroplastik, frekuensi kehadiran mikroplastik, konsentrasi mikroplastik dan korelasi antara konsentrasi mikroplastik dengan indeks kondisi kerang yang terdapat pada insang kerang simping (Amusium pleuronectes) di Perairan Selat Makassar, Laut Flores dan Teluk Bone. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus- Oktober 2022. Pengambilan sampel kerang dilakukan dengan metode purposive random sampling dengan 15 sampel untuk setiap perairan yang kemudian dikelompokkan menjadi 3 kelompok ukuran panjang cangkang kerang yaitu 50-70 mm (kelas A), 71-80 mm (kelas B), dan 81-90 mm (kelas C). Pengamatan mikroplastik dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikroskop stereo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mikroplastik yang ditemukan berbentuk serat, pecahan, dan butiran dengan ukuran berkisar 0,2416-2,8153 mm. Total frekuensi kehadiran mikroplastik pada kerang simping pada ketiga lokasi penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 39 sampel (86,67 %) terpapar mikroplastik.
Kata Kunci: Indeks kondisi; karakteristik dan konsentrasi mikroplastik; kerang simping.
ABSTRACT
Filter feeder organisms such as clams are one of the organisms that have a considerable risk for accumulating microplastics, one of which is the scallop clam (Amusium pleuronectes). This study aims to determine the form of microplastics, the frequency of presence of microplastics, the concentration of microplastics and the correlation between microplastic concentrations and the shell condition index found in the gills of scalloped clams (Amusium pleuronectes) in the waters of the Makassar Strait, Flores Sea and Bone Bay. This research was conducted in August-October 2022. The shell samples were taken using a purposive random sampling method with 15 samples for each waters which were then grouped into 3 groups for the size of the shell length, namely 50-70 mm (class A), 71-80 mm (class B), and 81-90 mm (class C). Microplastic observation was carried out using a stereo microscope. The results showed that the microplastics found were in the form of fibers, fragments and granules with sizes ranging from 0.2416 to 2.8153 mm. The total frequency of the presence of microplastics in scallop shells at the three study locations showed that 39 samples (86.67%) were exposed to microplastics.
Keywords: condition index; characteristics and concentration of microplastics; scallop shells.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v17i1.21666
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