TSUNAMI MENTAWAI 25 OKTOBER 2010 (SIMULASI COMCOT 1.7) DAN DAMPAKNYA KINI TERHADAP PANTAI BARAT MENTAWAI

Herdiana Mutmainah, Dominika Wara Christiana, Gunardi Kusumah

Abstract


Tsunami yang terjadi pada 25 Oktober 2010 di Mentawai disebabkan oleh subduksi lempeng Indo-Australia dan Eurasia. Gempa dengan magnitude 7.7 MW ini terjadi pada pukul 14:42:22 UTC atau 21:42:22 WIB dengan lokasi episenter di 3.484 oLS dan 100.114 oBT, pada kedalaman 20.6 kilometer di Samudera Hindia dan berjarak 280 kilometer dari Padang atau 110 kilometer dari Pagai Utara. Gempa ini tergolong tsunami earthquake karena merupakan gempa dasar laut yang menghasilkan gelombang tsunami cukup besar. Simulasi tsunami dilakukan menggunakan COMCOT 1.7 dengan parameter sesar strike 325o, dip 11,62o , dan slip 101.4625o. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa tinggi tsunami di enam titik berkisar 3.4 hingga 4.3 meter. Model ini menghitung penjalaran gelombang sampai ke garis pantai menggunakan persamaan linear. Dampak Tsunami tahun 2010 terhadap pantai Barat Mentawai berupa perubahan garis pantai yaitu abrasi parah pada pulau kecil dan hilangnya kawasan serta beberapa jenis mangrove.

 

Kata Kunci : Tsunami earthquake, parameter sesar, dampak Tsunami Mentawai


TSUNAMI OF MENTAWAI ON 25 OCTOBER 2010 AND ITS TODAY IMPACT ON THE WEST COAST OF MENTAWAI

Tsunami that occurred on October 25, 2010 in Mentawai caused by the subduction of Indo-Australian plate and the Eurasian. An earthquake with a magnitude of 7.7 MW occurred at 14:42:22 UTC, or 21:42:22 pm with the epicenter at 3.484 locations 0LS and 100.114 0BT, at a depth of 20.6 kilometers in the Indian Ocean and is 280 kilometers from Padang or 110 kilometers of North Pagai. This earthquake was classified as a tsunami earthquake seaquake that generate big enough tsunami waves. Tsunami simulation was performed using 1.7 COMCOT with cesarean parameter strike 325o, dip 11,62o, and slip 101.4625o. The simulation results show that the tsunami height at six points ranging from 3.4 to 4.3 meters. This model calculates wave propagation up to the shoreline using linear equations. 2010 Tsunami impact on the West coast of the Mentawai include changes in the coastline that is severe abrasion on a small island and the loss of the region as well as several species of mangrove.

Keywords: Tsunami earthquake, the fault parameters, Mentawai Tsunami



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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v9i2.1917

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