BIODIVERSITAS DAN POPULASI IKAN KARANG DI PERAIRAN SELAT SEMPU SENDANG BIRU KABUPATEN MALANG JAWA TIMUR
Abstract
REEF FISH BIODIVERSITY AND POPULATION IN SEMPU STRAIT WATERS SENDANG BIRU MALANG REGENCY EAST JAVA
Reef fish is one of the conspicuous inhabitant in the reef ecosystem. Damage to coral reefs in many countries due to human factors (anthropogenic) and naturally has an impact on the abundance of different species of reef fish. Over fishing is one of the causes of death of reef fish are widely reported. The nature reserve of Sempu Island also became conservation areas for reef fish. Monitoring of reef fish actually can determine on condition of coral reefs, fisheries potential and suitability of ecosystem based on the number of fish that live in the surrounding reef. Observations were made at 3 m depth in the Sempu strait. We used the Reef Check line intercept transect along 100 meters in two research stations. Result showed that 5 families of reef fishes was found, there were Chaetodontidae, Haemulidae, Lutjanidae, Scaridae and Muraenidae. Diversity Index (H ') reef fish in Teluk Semut was 0.215, and dominance index (C) was 0.083. Observations showed that coral reef conditions have correlation to the distribution of reef fish, and the presence of reef fishes can be used as bio indicator of the coral reef damage.
Keywords: coral reef, nature reserve, reef check, reef fishes, Sempu Island.
ABSTRAK
Ikan karang adalah salah satu penyusun ekosistem utama di terumbu. Kerusakan terumbu karang di berbagai negara diakibatkan faktor manusia (anthropogenic) dan alamiah telah berdampak pada kelimpahan berbagai jenis ikan karang. Over fishing adalah salah satu penyebab kematian ikan karang yang banyak dilaporkan. Pulau Sempu yang berstatus cagar alam menjadi kawasan konservasi bagi ikan karang. Pengamatan ikan karang dilakukan untuk mengetahui kondisi terumbu karang, potensi perikanan dan kesesuaian ekosistem berdasarkan jumlah ikan karang yang hidup di sekitarnya. Pengamatan dilakukan pada kedalaman 3 meter di Selat Sempu Kabupaten Malang Jawa Timur. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Reef Check menggunakan Line Intercept Transect sepanjang 100 meter. Ikan yang ditemukan adalah dari family Chaetodontidae, Haemulidae, Lutjanidae, Scaridae dan Muraenidae. Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) ikan karang di Teluk Semut sebesar 0.215, Indeks Dominansi (C) yaitu sebesar 0.083. Hasil pengamatan menunjukan adanya hubungan antara kondisi terumbu karang dan potensi perairan dengan keberadaan ikan karang.
Kata kunci: cagar alam, ikan karang, Pulau Sempu, reef check, terumbu karang.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v9i1.1019
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Published by: Department of Marine Sciences, Trunojoyo University of Madura