Systematic Literatur Review: Mengkaji Keterampilan Abad-21 dalam Pendidikan Vokasi

Moh Hanif Adzhar; Muhammad Zidni Ilman Nafi'a

doi:10.21107/jedumatic.v6i2.31881

Systematic Literatur Review: Mengkaji Keterampilan Abad-21 dalam Pendidikan Vokasi

Moh Hanif Adzhar, Muhammad Zidni Ilman Nafi'a

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keterampilan abad-21 dalam konteks pendidikan vokasi melalui tinjauan sistematis. Fokus kajian diarahkan pada empat aspek utama, yaitu pemetaan tren litratur, evaluasi praktik pendidikan vokasi, urgensi dan manfaat keterampilan abad-21, dan paradigma pendidikan vokasi berbasis keterampilan abad-21. Metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) melibatkan penelaahan terhadap 22 artikel ilmiah yang diseleksi melalui tahapan PRISMA yang kemudian dianalsisi secara tematik berdasarkan fokus penelitian. Hasil analsisi menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan abad-21 menjadi agenda utama dalam transformasi pendidikan vokasi secara global. Evaluasi terhadap praktik pendidikan vokasi mengindikasikan kesenjangan antara kebijakan makro dan implementasi mikro di tingkat institusi, khususnya aspek kolaborasi industri, kesiapan infrastruktur, dan pelatihan tenaga pengajar. Penguasaan keterampilan seperti berpikir kritis, kreativitas, komunikasi, dan kolaborasi (4C) semakin penting seiring dengan meningkatnya tuntutan dunia kerja terhadap kompetensi lintas bidang yang adaptif. Pada aspek paradigma pembelajaran vokasi, ditemukan bahwa pendekatan berbasis proyek, blended learning, dan integrasi nilai sosial dan karakter menjadi strategi efektif untuk membentuk lulusan vokasi yang responsif terhadap perubahan zaman. Meskipun integrasi keterampilan abad-21 telah masuk ke dalam perencanaan pembelajaran, implementasi menyeluruh dan konsisten masih menjadi tantangan utama. Temuan demikian menekankan pentingnya perumusan kurikulum vokasi yang kontekstual, pelatihan pedagogik bagi guru, serta asesmen keterampilan yang relevan dengan dunia kerja abad ke-21.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/jedumatic.v6i2.31881