PENGENALAN MODEL KEBUN SAYUR SEKOLAH UNTUK PENINGKATAN KONSUMSI SAYURAN BAGI PARA SISWA DI KEDIRI - JAWA TIMUR

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Sebagian penduduk mengkonsumsi buah-buahan dan sayuran lebih rendah dari yang direkomendasikan oleh Organisasi Pangan dan Pertanian (FAO). Pada tahun 2005, tingkat konsumsi sayur di Indonesia hanya 35.30 kg/kapita/tahun. Kemudian pada tahun 2006, konsumsi sayuran sedikit menurun menjadi 34.06 kg/kapita/tahun. Berdasarkan hasil kajian Badan Litbang  Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian pada Maret 2013 lalu, tingkat konsumsi buah per kapita hanya 34,55 kg/tahun, sedangkan tingkat konsumsi sayuran per kapita 40,35 kg/tahun. Jika dibandingkan dengan konsumsi buah dan sayur per kapita warga Singapura dan Vietnam melebihi 100 kg/tahun. Konsumsi sayuran perlu ditingkatkan untuk mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap beras. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam rangka mempromosikan peningkatan konsumsi sayur bagi siswa melalui model kebun sayur sekolah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK Negeri Plosoklaten selama 2012. Sepuluh jenis sayuran ditanam di lahan seluas  36 m². Pola tanam diatur sedemikian rupa sehingga sayuran dapat dipanen hampir setiap hari. Siswa terlibat dalam pemeliharaan tanaman sayuran sebagai latihan bercocok tanam sayur. Setiap panen sayuran direkap dan kandungan gizinya dihitung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total panen berbagai macam sayuran ialah 249.6 kg, yang setara dengan 683.8 gram per hari. Jika sebuah keluarga memiliki empat anggota, masing-masing orang akan mengkonsumsi sayur 171g per hari. Hal ini memenuhi 43% dari rekomendasi WHO untuk konsumsi buah-buahan dan sayuran. Dengan kata lain, konsumsi sayuran telah mencapai 85%. Dengan demikian, sayuran di lahan seluas 36 m2 telah mampu memenuhi konsumsi sayur sehari-hari. Hal ini menunjukkan pemenuhan asupan gizi harian untuk beberapa vitamin dan mikro-nutrisi. 

ABSTRACT

According to Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture, Indonesian people consume horticultural products especially fruits and vegetables, are still lower than that of recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Vegetable consumption level in Indonesia 2005 was 35.30 kg/capita/year. In 2006, the consumption of vegetables slightly declined to 34.06 kg/capita/year. Based on the results of the study in March 2013 conducted by IAARD, The Ministry of Agriculture known that level of fruit consumption per capita is only 34.55 kg/year, while consumption of vegetables the per capita is 40.35 kg/year. It is lower compared to fruit and vegetable consumption per capita for the citizens of Singapore and Vietnam that are exceeded 100 kg/year. Vegetable consumption has to be increased  and rice consumption has to reduce. This study is aimed to make an effort to increase vegetable consumption via school garden model. The research was conducted at SMK Ploso Klaten during 2012. Ten kinds of vegetables were sequentially grown in about a space of 36 m²land. The cropping pattern was arranged in such away so that the vegetables can be harvested almost every day. Students were involved in maintenance of vegetable crops in order to familiarize them with the crops. Every harvest of vegetables, the nutritional contents of the vegetable were calculated and recorded. The results showed that every day  the students can harvest about 249.6 kg of mixed vegetables, which is equivalent to 683.8 g/day. If a family has 4 members, each person will consume vegetable about 171 g/day. This fulfills 43% of WHO recommendation for consumption of fruits and vegetables. In other words, it has been fulfilled 85% of vegetable intake recommendation. Thus, vegetables garden on a piece of 36 m²land is able to meet daily consumption. This also has meet daily nutritional intake for several essential vitamins and micro-nutrients.