Pengembangan Model Efisiensi Pasar Tenaga Kerja Di Indonesia Menggunakan Stochastic Fronter Analisys
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model efisiensi pasar tenaga kerja menggunakan Stochastic Frontier Analysis, sekaligus untuk mengembangkan model determinan efisiensi pasar tenaga kerja di Indonesia. Estimasi terhadap karakteristik ketenagakerjaan menggunakan data Survey Angkatan Kerja Nasional (SAKERNAS) tahun 2014. Penelitian ini merupakan data mikro survey rumah tangga dan individu sampai tingkat Kabupaten dan Kota di seluruh Indonesia. Nilai Efisiensi pasar tenaga kerja yang diestimasi menggunakan pendekatan investasi sumber daya manusia dengan metode SFA di Indonesia rata-rata sebesar 0.5656. Nilai efisiensi pasar tenaga kerja di Indonesia relatif kecil jika dibandingkan dengan negara lain seperti studi yang dilakukan oleh Landeau dan Contreras (2003) Negara Chili efisiensi pasar tenaga kerja sebesar 0,75 pada tahun 1957 hingga tahun 1998. Efisiensi pasar tenaga kerja di Finlandia sebesar 0,79 pada tahun 1988 hingga tahun 1997 (Ilmakunnas dan Pesola, 2003). Bishop dkk (2007) mengatakan bahwa efisiensi pasar tenaga kerja di Taiwan mencapai 0,71 pada tahun 1978 hingga tahun 2003. Sedangkan pada model pengembangan determinan efisiensi pasar tenaga kerja menunjukkan bahwa lokasi, migrasi, pekerjaan tambahan, perbedaan sector ekonomi, dan kebijakan penetapan UMR memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap efisiensi tenaga kerja di Indonesia.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/nbs.v12i1.21680
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