Penilaian Kerentanan Ekonomi Masyarakat Pesisir Kabupaten Bangkalan Terhadap Perubahan Iklim
Abstract
Masyarakat pesisir Kabupaten Bangkalan menghadapi dampak ekologis dan ekonomis akibat perubahan iklim, yang memengaruhi aktivitas penangkapan ikan sehingga pendapatan masyarakat pesisir menurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai tingkat kerentanan ekonomi masyarakat pesisir serta mengidentifikasi aset modal penghidupan yang kuat, sehingga dapat dikembangkan sebagai strategi adaptasi. Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) dan Livelihood Assessment Index (LAI) terhadap 70 responden, yang ditentukan melalui quota sampling berdasarkan kepemilikan perahu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai LVI rata-rata sebesar 0,62 yang termasuk kategori sangat rentan, dengan tingkat kerentanan lebih tinggi pada rumah tangga nelayan yang memiliki perahu karena tingginya ketergantungan pada aktivitas melaut dan terbatasnya diversifikasi usaha. Sementara itu, nilai LAI sebesar 0,53 termasuk kategori sedang, dengan modal sosial sebagai komponen paling kuat dan modal finansial sebagai komponen paling lemah. Aset modal mata pencaharian yang paling kuat adalah social capital. Maka, dasar penentuan strategi untuk mengurangi kerentanan ekonomi masyarakat pesisir terhadap perubahan iklim adalah dengan penguatan aset social capital.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/juvenil.v7i2.33362
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