Analisis Rantai Distribusi Ikan Hasil Tangkapan Nelayan di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan Branta Kabupaten Pamekasan

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Distribusi merupakan suatu bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari rantai pasok suatu produk. Peran distribusi sangat menentukan tersampainya sebuah produk sampai ke tangan konsumen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui rantai distribusi ikan hasil tangkapan nelayan di TPI Branta Pamekasan, menganalisis margin pemasaran ikan hasil tangkapan nelayan di TPI Branta dan menganalisis dampak distribusi ikan hasil tangkapan nelayan di TPI Branta terhadap ekonomi para pelaku usaha. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif berupa pola distribusi hasil tangkapan ikan di TPI Pelabuhan Branta Kabupaten Pamekasan. Sampel ikan yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini berupa ikan swanggi, ikan kurisi, dan ikan selar kuning. Rantai distribusi yang ada di TPI Branta Kecamatan Tlanakan Kabupaten Pamekasan memiliki 5 tipe distribusi. Rantai disrtibusi tipe 1 yaitu nelayan - pengecer -konsumen akhir. Tipe 2 yaitu nelayan - pengepul - konsumen akhir. Tipe 3 yaitu nelayan -pengecer -konsumen akhir. Tipe 4 yaitu nelayan - konsumen akhir dan tipe 5 yaitu nelayan -pabrik pengolahan ikan. Margin pemasaran dalam setiap rantai distribusi ikan swanggi, ikan kurisi dan ikan selar kuning diperoleh untuk pengepul sebesar Rp.5,000-10,000 dan untuk pengecer sebesar Rp.5,000-3,000 dan pengolah sebesar Rp.3,000. Pendapatan rata-rata perhari untuk nelayan yaitu Rp.150,000. Pendapatan rata-rata perhari untuk pedangan pengepul ikan yaitu Rp.50,000.000, sedangkan pendapatan rata-rata pedagang pengecer ikan yaitu Rp.100,000.

Kata kunci: Distribusi, margin pemasaran, farmer’s share, efisiensi pemasaran

ABSTRACT

Distribution is an inseparable part of the supply chain of a product. The role of distribution is very decisive for the arrival of a product into the hands of consumers. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution chain of fish caught by fishermen at TPI Branta Pamekasan, to know the analysis of marketing margins of fish caught by fishermen at TPI Branta and to determine the impact of distribution of fish caught at TPI Branta on the economy of business actors. This research uses descriptive analysis. Descriptive analysis technique in this case is used to describe the distribution pattern of fish catches at TPI Branta Port, Pamekasan Regency. The fish samples analyzed in this study were swanggi fish, kurisi fish, and yellow sea bass. The distribution chain in the Branta fish auction, Tlanakan District, Pamekasan Regency has 5 types of marketing. Type 1 chain distribution, where fishermen sell fish to shops, then sell fish to individual consumers. Type 2 is fishermen selling fish to collectors and collectors selling fish to final consumers. Type 3, where fishermen sell fish directly to retailers and continue to individual consumers. Type 4 is fishermen selling fish directly to individual consumers and type 5 is fishermen selling fish to processors. The marketing margin in each distribution chain of swanggi fish, kurisi fish and yellow selar fish is known to have a margin of Rp. 5,000-10,000 for collectors and Rp. 5,000-3,000 for retailers and Rp. 3,000 for processors. The daily income for fishermen is the highest around Rp. 3,660,450, the lowest is around Rp. 50,000 and the average income is Rp. 150,000. daily income for collectors is the highest, reaching Rp. 120,000,000, the lowest is Rp. 2,000,000 and the average is Rp. 500,000,000. The income at TPI Branta is the highest at Rp. 50,000, the lowest is Rp. 25,000 and the average is around Rp. 100,000.

Keywords: Distribution, marketing margin, profit sharing, marketing efficiency