Pemeriksaan WSSV (White Syndrome Virus) Dengan Uji PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) Pada Udang Vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) di UPT Laboratorium Kesehatan Ikan dan Lingkungan, Pasuruan Jawa Timur

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Udang vannamei mempunyai banyak keunggulan daripada udang jenis lainnya, akan tetapi resisten terhadap serangan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus. Virus WSSV merupakan virus yang menyerang sistem organ dari crustacea yang menyebabkan spot putih atau bercak putih di permukaan eksternal udang sehingga menimbulkan kerugian berupa kematian tinggi mencapai 100% dari udang pemeliharaan dalam waktu 3-10 hari sejak gejala klinis muncul. Metode pemeriksaan WSSV (White Spot Syndrome Virus) pada udang vannamei dilakukan dengan uji PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Prosedur diawali persiapan sampel, ekstraksi sampel, persiapan reagen, amplifikasi pada mesin PCR, persiapan elektroforesis, proses elektrophoresis, analisis hasil pada UV Transilluminator, dokumentasi hasil dan pembacaan hasil. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di UPT Laboratorium Kesehatan Ikan dan Lingkungan, Pasuruan Jawa Timur dari tanggal 17 Januari sampai 17 Februari 2022 dengan tujuan mengetahui hasil pemeriksaan WSSV dengan uji PCR pada udang vannamei. Pemeriksaan sampel 59 dan 61 menunjukkan hasil WSSV negatif dengan adanya 1 garis perpendaran pita DNA (band) ukuran 848 bp, sampel tersebut tidak terinfeksi virus WSSV. Pembacaan hasil uji PCR (+) WSSV berat (severe) terlihat 3 garis perpendaran pita DNA (band) ukuran 910 bp, 550 bp, 296 bp, yang terjadi pada sampel 57 dan sampel duplo 57. Sampel 72 menunjukkan hasil (+) WSSV ringan (light) yang terlihat 1 garis perpendaran pita DNA (band) dengan ukuran 296 bp.

Kata Kunci: Udang vannamei, WSSV (White Spot Syndrome Virus), PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)

 ABSTRACT

Vannamei shrimp has many advantages over other types of shrimp, but this shrimp is resistant to disease caused by viruses. WSSV virus is a virus that attacks the organ systems of crustaceans which causes white spots or white spots on the external surface of shrimp, causing losses in the form of high mortality reaching 100% of reared shrimp within 3-10 days since clinical symptoms appear. The WSSV (White Spot Syndrome Virus) examination method in vannamei shrimp can be done by using the PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) test. The procedure begins with sample preparation, sample extraction, reagent preparation, amplification on a PCR machine, electrophoresis preparation, electrophoresis process, analysis of results on UV Transilluminator, documentation of results and reading of results. This research was conducted at UPT Fish and Environmental Health Laboratory, Pasuruan, East Java from January 17 to February 17 2022 with the aim of knowing the results of the WSSV examination with PCR test on vannamei shrimp. Examination of samples 59 and 61 showed negative WSSV results with 1 fluorescent DNA band (band) measuring 848 bp, the samples were not infected with the WSSV virus. The reading of the heavy (severe) WSSV PCR test results showed 3 fluorescent lines of DNA bands (bands) measuring 910 bp, 550 bp, 296 bp, which occurred in sample 57 and sample duplo 57. Sample 72 showed a result of (+) mild WSSV (light) which shows 1 fluorescent line of DNA band (band) with a size of 296 bp.

 Keywords: Vannamei Shrimp, WSSV (White Spot Syndrome Virus), PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)