Karakterisasi Tepung Semi Refined Carrageenan Dari Rumput Laut Kappaphycus alvarezii Dengan Berbagai Pelarut Alkali
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Semi Refined Carrageenan merupakan salah satu produk carrageenan dengan tingkat kemurnian lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan refined carrageenan. Semi Refined Carrageenan merupakan tepung hasil ekstraksi rumput laut jenis Kappaphycus alvarezii berwarna putih kekuningan, dapat membentuk gel sehingga sangat berperan dalam industri makanan dan obat-obatan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi pelarut KOH dan NaOH yang tepat dalam proses ekstraksi tepung Semi Refined Carrageenan rumput laut Kappaphycus alvarezii. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental, yaitu mengekstraksi Kappaphycus alvarezii menggunakan larutan alkali KOH dan NaOH yang direndam selama 4 menit. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa rendemen tertinggi terdapat pada larutan KOH 5% (56,10%) dan larutan NaOH 3% (42,29%), kadar air pada larutan KOH 5% (15,45%) dan larutan NaOH 1% (16,50%), kadar abu larutan KOH 4% (4,85%) dan larutan NaOH 2% (3,50%), nilai pH terbaik terdapat larutan KOH 3% (8,14) dan larutan NaOH 3% (8,01) dan viskositas laju alir pada larutan KOH 3% (36,50 mL/detik) dan larutan NaOH 3% (38,10 mL/detik). Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa rendemen tertinggi terdapat pada larutan KOH 5% dan larutan NaOH 3%.
Kata Kunci: alkali, carrageenan, KOH, Kappaphycus alvarezii, NaOH
ABSTRACT
Semi Refined Carrageenan is a carrageenan product with a lower level of purity compared to refined carrageenan. Semi Refined Carrageenan is flour extracted from Kappaphycus alvarezii type of seaweed, yellowish white in color, can form a gel so that it plays a very important role in the food and medicine industry. The aim of the study was to obtain the correct concentration of KOH and NaOH solvents in the extraction process of Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed Semi Refined Carrageenan flour. The method used in this study is an experimental method, namely extracting Kappaphycus alvarezii using an alkaline solution of KOH and NaOH soaked for 4 minutes. The results obtained showed that the highest yield was found in 5% KOH solution (56.10%) and 3% NaOH solution (42.29%), water content in 5% KOH solution (15.45%) and 1% NaOH solution ( 16.50%), ash content of 4% KOH solution (4.85%) and 2% NaOH solution (3.50%), the best pH values were 3% KOH solution (8.14) and 3% NaOH solution (8 0.01) and the viscosity of the flow rate in 3% KOH solution (36.50 mL/second) and 3% NaOH solution (38.10 mL/second). From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the highest yield is found in 5% KOH solution and 3% NaOH solution.
Keywords : alkali, carrageenan, KOH, Kappaphycus alvarezii, NaOH
Full Text:
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)References
Abdillah, A. A., Alamsjah, M. A., & Charles, A. L. (2021). An optimised low‐salinity seawater decolourising method produces decolourised seaweed ( Kappaphycuz alvarezii ) as semi‐refined carrageenan raw material: International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 56(5), 2336–2344. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.14856
Al Faruque, M. A., Remadevi, R., Razal, J. M., & Naebe, M. (2020). Impact of the wet spinning parameters on the alpaca‐based polyacrylonitrile composite fibers: Morphology and enhanced mechanical properties study. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 137(41), 49264. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.49264
Amelia, R., & Tanod, W. A. (2016). KANDUNGAN ANTIOKSIDAN ALGA MERAH Eucheuma cottonii DENGAN METODE PENGERINGAN YANG BERBEDA. KAUDERNI : Journal of Fisheries, Marine and Aquatic Science, 1(1), 14–20. https://doi.org/10.47384/kauderni.v1i1.7
AOAC. (2005). Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 14th Edition. Association of Official Analytical Chemists.
BPS. (2021). Hasil Survei Komoditas Perikanan Potensi 2021 Profil Rumah Tangga Usaha Budidaya Rumput Laut.
Cahyono, E. (2015). Mutu Tepung Semi Refined Carrageenan pada Berbagai Waktu Pemanasan Alkali. Jurnal Ilmiah Tindalung.
FAO. (1990). Training Manual on Gracilaria Culture and Seaweed Processing in China. Food Agriculture Organitation.
Ferrara, L. (2020). Seaweeds: A Food for Our Future. Journal of Food Chemistry & Nanotechnology, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.17756/jfcn.2020-084
Gadore, V., & Ahmaruzzaman, M. (2021). Tailored fly ash materials: A recent progress of their properties and applications for remediation of organic and inorganic contaminants from water. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 41, 101910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2020.101910
Herring, S., Kibler, W. Ben, Putukian, M., Solomon, G. S., Boyajian-O’Neill, L., Dec, K. L., Franks, R. R., Indelicato, P. A., LaBella, C. R., Leddy, J. J., Matuszak, J., McDonough, E. B., O’Connor, F., & Sutton, K. M. (2021). Selected issues in sport-related concussion (SRC|mild traumatic brain injury) for the team physician: a consensus statement. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 55(22), 1251–1261. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2021-104235
Indonesia, K. K. dan P. R. (2020, January). Genjot Nilai Ekspor, KKP Targetkan Produksi 10,99 Juta Ton Rumput Laut di 2020. KKP.
Isnawati, I., Jalinus, N., & Risfendra, R. (2020). Analisis Kemampuan Pedagogi Guru SMK yang sedang Mengambil Pendidikan Profesi Guru dengan Metode Deskriptif Kuantitatif dan Metode Kualitatif. INVOTEK: Jurnal Inovasi Vokasional Dan Teknologi, 20(1), 37–44. https://doi.org/10.24036/invotek.v20i1.652
Konings, A. G., Saatchi, S. S., Frankenberg, C., Keller, M., Leshyk, V., Anderegg, W. R. L., Humphrey, V., Matheny, A. M., Trugman, A., Sack, L., Agee, E., Barnes, M. L., Binks, O., Cawse‐Nicholson, K., Christoffersen, B. O., Entekhabi, D., Gentine, P., Holtzman, N. M., Katul, G. G., … Zuidema, P. A. (2021). Detecting forest response to droughts with global observations of vegetation water content. Global Change Biology, 27(23), 6005–6024. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15872
Martiny, T. R., Raghavan, V., Moraes, C. C. de, Rosa, G. S. da, & Dotto, G. L. (2020). Bio-Based Active Packaging: Carrageenan Film with Olive Leaf Extract for Lamb Meat Preservation. Foods, 9(12), 1759. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9121759
Naveed, M., Sajid, H., Mustafa, A., Niamat, B., Ahmad, Z., Yaseen, M., Kamran, M., Rafique, M., Ahmar, S., & Chen, J.-T. (2020). Alleviation of Salinity-Induced Oxidative Stress, Improvement in Growth, Physiology and Mineral Nutrition of Canola (Brassica napus L.) through Calcium-Fortified Composted Animal Manure. Sustainability, 12(3), 846. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12030846
Rokhman, H., Taryono, & Supriyanta. (2014). Jumlah Anakan dan Rendemen Enam Klon Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) Asal Bibit Bagal, Mata Ruas Tunggal, dan Mata Tunas Tunggal. Vegetalika.
Rusli, A., Dahlia, D., Ilijas, M. I., Alias, M., & Budiman, B. (2020). Strategi pengelolaan budidaya rumput laut Kappaphycus alvarezii di Kabupaten Pangkep, Sulawesi Selatan. Agrokompleks, 20(1), 28–38. https://doi.org/10.51978/japp.v20i1.153
Sedayu, B. B., Cran, M. J., & Bigger, S. W. (2021). Effects of surface photocrosslinking on the properties of semi-refined carrageenan film. Food Hydrocolloids, 111, 106196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106196
Shalvina, A., De Ramon N’Yeurt, A., Lako, J., & Piovano, S. (2022). Effects of selected environmental conditions on growth and carrageenan quality of laboratory-cultured Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta) in Fiji, South Pacific. Journal of Applied Phycology, 34(2), 1033–1043. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-022-02690-6
Simatupang, N. F., Pong-Masak, P. R., Ratnawati, P., Agusman, Paul, N. A., & Rimmer, M. A. (2021). Growth and product quality of the seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii from different farming locations in Indonesia. Aquaculture Reports, 20, 100685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2021.100685
SNI. (2011). Cara Uji Kadar Air Agregrat dengan Pengeringan. Badan Standardisasi Indonesia.
Tkachenko, A. S., Kot, Y. G., Kapustnik, V. A., Myasoedov, V. V., Makieieva, N. I., Chumachenko, T. O., Onishchenko, A. I., Lukyanova, Y. M., & Nakonechna, O. A. (2021). Semi-refined carrageenan promotes generation of reactive oxygen species in leukocytes of rats upon oral exposure but not in vitro. Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift, 171(3–4), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-020-00786-7
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/juvenil.v3i1.15013
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Juvenil byJurusan Kelautan dan Perikananis licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Published by: Department of Marine and Fisheries, Trunojoyo University of Madura