PERUBAHAN NERACA PERDAGANGAN INDONESIASEBAGAI AKIBAT PENGHAPUSAN TARIF IMPOR GULA

Agnes Quartina Pudjiastuti

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Asean Free Trade Area (AFTA) mensyaratkan tarif impor gula harus diturunkan secara bertahap hingga menjadi 0% pada tahun 2015. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengevaluasi dampak dihapusnya tarif impor gula terhadap neraca perdagangan Indonesia. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan data dasar Tabel I-O dan SNSE Indonesia tahun 2008 untuk menyusun model CGE. Perekonomian Indonesia diagregasi menjadi 23 sektor dengan 8 rumah tangga dan 3 input primer. Penghapusan tarif impor gula di Indonesia berdampak pada output domestik, ekspor, impor dan neraca perdagangannya. Di sektor pertanian, output domestik dan impornya meningkat, ekspornya turun, tetapi neraca perdagangannya masih surplus. Sementara sektor industri dan jasa, output domestik dan ekspornya turun, serta impornya naik, tetapi neraca perdagangannya defisit. Impor gula bahkan naik hingga 85,71%. Ini perlu diwaspadai oleh pemerintah.Indonesia dapat dikatakan belum siap menghadapi liberalisasi gula,sehingga perlu melakukan negosiasi ulang perdagangan bebas dengan negara-negara anggota FTA dan menata perekonomian domestic terlebih dahulu.


ABSTRACT

Asean Free Trade Area requires that sugar import tariff should be reduced gradually to 0 % in 2015. This study aimed to evaluate impact of the tariff elimination to Indonesia's trade balance. The evaluation was done using IO Table and SAM Indonesia 2008 as basis to construct CGE models. Indonesian economy was aggregated into 23 sectors, 8 households and 3 primary inputs. Elimination of the tariff in Indonesia had impact on domestic output, exports, imports and balance of trade. In agricultural sector, domestic outputs and imports increased, exports dropped, but trade balance were surplus. While industrial and service sectors, domestic output and exports decreased, imports increased, but trade balance were deficit. Even sugar imports jumped to 85.71 %. Government should be wary. Indonesia can’t be said to be ready to face sugar liberalization, so it’s necessary to re-negotiate free trade with FTA member countries and arranging the domestic economy first.



Keywords


Gula, tarif impor, neraca perdagangan, CGE

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21107/agriekonomika.v3i2.445

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